महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-112, verse-88

स समन्तात्परिवृतो भारतो भरतर्षभ ।
निर्ददाह रणे शूरान्वनं वह्निरिव ज्वलन् ॥८८॥

88. sa samantātparivṛto bhārato bharatarṣabha ,
nirdadāha raṇe śūrānvanaṁ vahniriva jvalan.

88. sa samantāt parivṛtaḥ bhārataḥ bharatarṣabha
nirdadāha raṇe śūrān vanam vahniḥ iva jvalan

88. bharatarṣabha,
sa bhārataḥ samantāt परिवृतः (सन्),
jvalan vahniḥ vanam iva,
raṇe śūrān nirdadāha

88. O best of Bharatas, that descendant of Bharata (Bhishma), surrounded on all sides, burned up the heroes in battle, just like a blazing fire consumes a forest.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, completely

• परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

• भारतः (bhārataḥ) - Bhishma (as a descendant of Bharata). (descendant of Bharata, an Indian)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas

• निर्ददाह (nirdadāha) - he burned up, he consumed

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle

• शूरान् (śūrān) - Refers to the Pandava warriors. (heroes, warriors)

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

• वह्निः (vahniḥ) - fire, Agni

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• ज्वलन् (jvalan) - burning, blazing

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Bhishma.

समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, completely

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable formed from 'samanta' (all around) + suffix 'tās'.

Note: Adverb modifying 'parivṛtaḥ'.

परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivṛta

parivṛta - surrounded, covered, encompassed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √vṛ (to cover, surround) with prefix pari- + kta suffix.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Describes the state of Bhishma.

भारतः (bhārataḥ) - Bhishma (as a descendant of Bharata). (descendant of Bharata, an Indian)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, an Indian

Derived from 'bharata' (name) + 'a' (descendant suffix).

Note: Appositive to 'sa'.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull among Bharatas, best of Bharatas

Epithet for kings or prominent persons in the Bharata lineage.

Compound type : Tatpurusha (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – Bharata (an ancient king, ancestor of Kauravas and Pandavas); supporter
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Sanjaya addressing Dhritarashtra.

निर्ददाह (nirdadāha) - he burned up, he consumed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Past Perfect (Lit) of nirdah

Root √dah (to burn) with prefix nir-.

Prefix: nir

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'sa' (Bhishma).

रणे (raṇe) - in battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, conflict

Note: Denotes place of action.

शूरान् (śūrān) - Refers to the Pandava warriors. (heroes, warriors)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, brave, valiant warrior

Note: Object of 'nirdadāha'.

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

Note: Object of the simile, analogous to 'śūrān'.

वह्निः (vahniḥ) - fire, Agni

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vahni

vahni - fire, flame, Agni

Literally 'carrier' (of oblations).

Root: vah (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle used for comparison.

ज्वलन् (jvalan) - burning, blazing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jvalat

jvalat - burning, blazing, shining

Present Active Participle

Derived from √jval (to burn, shine) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Describes the fire.