महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-112, verse-44

ततो द्रोणो महाराज पार्षतस्य महद्धनुः ।
छित्त्वा पञ्चाशतेषूणां पार्षतं समविध्यत ॥४४॥

44. tato droṇo mahārāja pārṣatasya mahaddhanuḥ ,
chittvā pañcāśateṣūṇāṁ pārṣataṁ samavidhyata.

44. tataḥ droṇaḥ mahārāja pārṣatasya mahat dhanuḥ
chittvā pañcāśat iṣūṇām pārṣataṃ samavidhyata

44. mahārāja tataḥ droṇaḥ pārṣatasya mahat dhanuḥ
chittvā pañcāśat iṣūṇām pārṣataṃ samavidhyata

44. Then, O great king, Drona, after cutting the great bow of the Pārṣata (Dhrstadyumna), pierced that same Pārṣata with fifty arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Dronacharya, the preceptor (Drona)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (address to Dhritarashtra) (O great king)

• पार्षतस्य (pārṣatasya) - of Dhrstadyumna (of the son of Prishata)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, mighty)

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• छित्त्वा (chittvā) - having cut (having cut, having broken)

• पञ्चाशत् (pañcāśat) - fifty (arrows) (fifty)

• इषूणाम् (iṣūṇām) - of arrows

• पार्षतं (pārṣataṁ) - Dhrstadyumna (the son of Prishata)

• समविध्यत (samavidhyata) - pierced (pierced, struck, hit)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Dronacharya, the preceptor (Drona)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of a teacher/warrior), a measure, a bucket

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (address to Dhritarashtra) (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

पार्षतस्य (pārṣatasya) - of Dhrstadyumna (of the son of Prishata)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pārṣata

pārṣata - descendant of Pṛṣata, son of Pṛṣata, Dhrishtadyumna

Patronymic from Pṛṣata.

Note: Shows possession of the bow.

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, mighty

Root mah (to grow, be great) + -at suffix.

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with dhanuḥ.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc

Root: dhanv (class 1)

Note: Object of chittvā.

छित्त्वा (chittvā) - having cut (having cut, having broken)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root √chid (to cut).

Root: chid (class 7)

पञ्चाशत् (pañcāśat) - fifty (arrows) (fifty)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pañcāśat

pañcāśat - fifty

Note: In pañcāśateṣūṇāṃ, this pañcāśat is sandhied with iṣūṇām. Here it is represented in its original form.

इषूणाम् (iṣūṇām) - of arrows

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of iṣu

iṣu - arrow

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: It is iṣūṇām in genitive plural, but in the context of pañcāśat, it forms the meaning "with fifty arrows", where pañcāśat acts adverbially or quasi-instrumentally.

पार्षतं (pārṣataṁ) - Dhrstadyumna (the son of Prishata)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārṣata

pārṣata - descendant of Pṛṣata, son of Pṛṣata, Dhrishtadyumna

Patronymic from Pṛṣata.

Note: Object of samavidhyata.

समविध्यत (samavidhyata) - pierced (pierced, struck, hit)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (luṅ) of vyadh

Imperfect middle

From root √vyadh (to pierce) with prefix sam-. samavidhyata is the imperfect middle 3rd person singular form.

Prefix: sam

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Atmanepada form.