महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-112, verse-49

सा छिन्ना बहुधा राजन्द्रोणचापच्युतैः शरैः ।
चूर्णीकृता विशीर्यन्ती पपात वसुधातले ॥४९॥

49. sā chinnā bahudhā rājandroṇacāpacyutaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
cūrṇīkṛtā viśīryantī papāta vasudhātale.

49. sā chinnā bahudhā rājan droṇacāpacyutaiḥ
śaraiḥ cūrṇīkṛtā viśīryantī papāta vasudhātale

49. rājan droṇacāpacyutaiḥ śaraiḥ bahudhā chinnā
cūrṇīkṛtā viśīryantī sā vasudhātale papāta

49. O King, that (weapon), shattered into many pieces by the arrows released from Droṇa's bow, pulverized and crumbling, fell to the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - that (weapon or missile) (she, that (feminine))

• छिन्ना (chinnā) - cut, shattered, torn

• बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, manifold, into many pieces

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• द्रोणचापच्युतैः (droṇacāpacyutaiḥ) - by arrows released from Droṇa's bow (by those fallen/released from Droṇa's bow)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• चूर्णीकृता (cūrṇīkṛtā) - pulverized, crushed, powdered

• विशीर्यन्ती (viśīryantī) - crumbling, falling apart, disintegrating

• पपात (papāta) - fell, dropped, descended

• वसुधातले (vasudhātale) - on the ground, on the surface of the earth

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - that (weapon or missile) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

छिन्ना (chinnā) - cut, shattered, torn

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of chinna

chinna - cut, torn, split, separated, shattered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √chid (to cut, cleave) with suffix -ta.

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'sā'

बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, manifold, into many pieces

(indeclinable)

From 'bahu' (many) with the suffix '-dhā' to form an adverb.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

द्रोणचापच्युतैः (droṇacāpacyutaiḥ) - by arrows released from Droṇa's bow (by those fallen/released from Droṇa's bow)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of droṇacāpacyuta

droṇacāpacyuta - fallen/released from Drona's bow

Compound word combining 'Droṇa', 'cāpa' (bow), and 'cyuta' (released/fallen from).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (droṇa+cāpa+cyuta)

• droṇa – Drona (name of a warrior guru)
  proper noun (masculine)
• cāpa – bow
  noun (neuter)
• cyuta – fallen, dropped, released
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √cyu (to move, fall, drop).
  Root: cyu (class 1)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṛ

Note: Agent of the action 'chinnā'

चूर्णीकृता (cūrṇīkṛtā) - pulverized, crushed, powdered

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of cūrṇīkṛta

cūrṇīkṛta - pulverized, made into powder, crushed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'cūrṇa' (powder) + 'kṛta' (made), functioning as a denominative compound.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

विशीर्यन्ती (viśīryantī) - crumbling, falling apart, disintegrating

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of viśīryat

viśīryat - falling apart, crumbling, disintegrating, decaying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √śṝ (to tear, break, shatter) with prefix 'vi-'.

Prefix: vi

Root: śṝ (class 9)

पपात (papāta) - fell, dropped, descended

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pat

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Reduplicated perfect (liṭ) form of √pat.

Root: pat (class 1)

वसुधातले (vasudhātale) - on the ground, on the surface of the earth

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vasudhātala

vasudhātala - earth's surface, ground, terrestrial region

Compound 'vasudhā' (earth) + 'tala' (surface).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (vasudhā+tala)

• vasudhā – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, base, ground, palm, sole
  noun (neuter)