महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-112, verse-56

ततो गजगतो राजा भगदत्तः प्रतापवान् ।
अर्जुनं शरवर्षेण वारयामास संयुगे ॥५६॥

56. tato gajagato rājā bhagadattaḥ pratāpavān ,
arjunaṁ śaravarṣeṇa vārayāmāsa saṁyuge.

56. tataḥ gajagataḥ rājā bhagadattaḥ pratāpavān
arjunam śaravarṣeṇa vārayāmāsa saṃyuge

56. tataḥ pratāpavān rājā bhagadattaḥ gajagataḥ
saṃyuge śaravarṣeṇa arjunam vārayāmāsa

56. Then, the powerful King Bhagadatta, mounted on his elephant, in battle, held back Arjuna with a shower of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• गजगतः (gajagataḥ) - mounted on an elephant, riding an elephant

• राजा (rājā) - king

• भगदत्तः (bhagadattaḥ) - Bhagadatta

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty, powerful, glorious

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

• शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - with a shower of arrows

• वारयामास (vārayāmāsa) - warded off, stopped, restrained

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

गजगतः (gajagataḥ) - mounted on an elephant, riding an elephant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gajagata

gajagata - mounted on an elephant, riding an elephant

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gaja+gata)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• gata – gone, mounted, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies Bhagadatta.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Note: Modifies Bhagadatta.

भगदत्तः (bhagadattaḥ) - Bhagadatta

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagadatta

bhagadatta - Bhagadatta (name of a king)

Note: Subject of vārayāmāsa.

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty, powerful, glorious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - mighty, powerful, glorious, majestic

Derived from 'pratāpa' (power, valor) + 'matup' (possessive suffix)

Note: Modifies Bhagadatta.

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pandava prince); white, clear; peacock

Note: Object of vārayāmāsa.

शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - with a shower of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (neuter)

Note: Means 'by means of' a shower of arrows.

वारयामास (vārayāmāsa) - warded off, stopped, restrained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vāraya

perfect (causative)

Perfect 3rd person singular active, causative of root 'vṛ' (to cover, restrain)

Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Periphrastic perfect using 'āmāsa' from 'kṛ'.

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, war, combat