महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-112, verse-124

पराङ्मुखीकृत्य तदा शरवर्षैर्महारथान् ।
प्रावर्तयत संग्रामे शोणितोदां महानदीम् ।
मध्येन कुरुसैन्यानां पाण्डवानां च भारत ॥१२४॥

124. parāṅmukhīkṛtya tadā śaravarṣairmahārathān ,
prāvartayata saṁgrāme śoṇitodāṁ mahānadīm ,
madhyena kurusainyānāṁ pāṇḍavānāṁ ca bhārata.

124. parāṅmukhīkṛtya tadā śaravarṣaiḥ
mahārathān prāvartayata saṃgrāme
śoṇitodāṃ mahānadīm madhyena
kurusainyānām pāṇḍavānām ca bhārata

124. bhārata tadā śaravarṣaiḥ mahārathān
parāṅmukhīkṛtya saṃgrāme
śoṇitodāṃ mahānadīm kurusainyānām ca
pāṇḍavānām madhyena prāvartayata

124. Then, O Bhārata, having put the great chariot warriors to flight with showers of arrows, he caused a great river, whose water was blood, to flow in the battle through the midst of the Kuru and Pāṇḍava armies.

Words meanings summery:

• पराङ्मुखीकृत्य (parāṅmukhīkṛtya) - having turned away, having put to flight, having caused to face away

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - by showers of arrows

• महारथान् (mahārathān) - The powerful warriors of the opposing army. (great chariot warriors)

• प्रावर्तयत (prāvartayata) - he caused to flow, he set in motion, he started

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in combat

• शोणितोदाम् (śoṇitodām) - Describes the great river. (whose water is blood, having blood as water)

• महानदीम् (mahānadīm) - A metaphorical river of blood. (a great river)

• मध्येन (madhyena) - through the middle of, between, by means of the middle

• कुरुसैन्यानाम् (kurusainyānām) - Refers to the Kaurava forces. (of the Kuru armies)

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - Refers to the forces of the Pāṇḍava princes. (of the Pāṇḍavas)

• च (ca) - and

• भारत (bhārata) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, indicating his lineage. (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

Words meanings and morphology

पराङ्मुखीकृत्य (parāṅmukhīkṛtya) - having turned away, having put to flight, having caused to face away

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from the compound parāṅmukha (turned away) with the Cvi-suffix ī and root kṛ (to do/make) + absolutive suffix tya.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - by showers of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows, rain of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Instrument of 'parāṅmukhīkṛtya'.

महारथान् (mahārathān) - The powerful warriors of the opposing army. (great chariot warriors)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great chariot warrior, hero, champion

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (often one who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'parāṅmukhīkṛtya'.

प्रावर्तयत (prāvartayata) - he caused to flow, he set in motion, he started

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of prāvartaya

imperfect middle, 3rd person singular (causative of vṛt)

Formed from root vṛt with prefix pra, causative stem vartaya.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, conflict

Prefix: sam

Root: gram

शोणितोदाम् (śoṇitodām) - Describes the great river. (whose water is blood, having blood as water)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śoṇitodā

śoṇitodā - having blood as water, blood-watered

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śoṇita+uda)

• śoṇita – blood, red
  noun (neuter)
• uda – water
  noun (neuter)
  Root: und (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'mahānadīm'.

महानदीम् (mahānadīm) - A metaphorical river of blood. (a great river)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahānadī

mahānadī - great river

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+nadī)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• nadī – river
  noun (feminine)
  Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Object of 'prāvartayata'.

मध्येन (madhyena) - through the middle of, between, by means of the middle

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of madhya

madhya - middle, central, intermediary

कुरुसैन्यानाम् (kurusainyānām) - Refers to the Kaurava forces. (of the Kuru armies)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of kurusainya

kurusainya - Kuru army, army of the Kurus

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+sainya)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king, and his descendants)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sainya – army, host
  noun (neuter)
  Root: san (class 8)

Note: Connected with 'madhyena'.

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - Refers to the forces of the Pāṇḍava princes. (of the Pāṇḍavas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Derived from Pāṇḍu.

Note: Connected with 'madhyena'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'kurusainyānām' and 'pāṇḍavānām'.

भारत (bhārata) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, indicating his lineage. (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, a Bhārata, relating to India

Patronymic from Bharata.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)