महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-112, verse-60

ततोऽर्जुनो महाराज भीष्ममभ्यद्रवद्द्रुतम् ।
शिखण्डिनं पुरस्कृत्य ततो युद्धमवर्तत ॥६०॥

60. tato'rjuno mahārāja bhīṣmamabhyadravaddrutam ,
śikhaṇḍinaṁ puraskṛtya tato yuddhamavartata.

60. tataḥ arjunaḥ mahārāja bhīṣmam abhi adravat drutam
śikhaṇḍinam puraskṛtya tataḥ yuddham avartata

60. mahārāja tataḥ arjunaḥ śikhaṇḍinam puraskṛtya
drutam bhīṣmam abhi adravat tataḥ yuddham avartata

60. O Great King, then Arjuna swiftly rushed towards Bhīṣma, placing Śikhaṇḍin at the forefront. Thereafter, a battle ensued.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (indicating sequence) (then, thence, afterwards)

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (a proper name)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O Great King

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma (proper name)

• अभि (abhi) - towards (Bhīṣma) (towards, against, to)

• अद्रवत् (adravat) - he rushed (towards Bhīṣma) (he ran, he rushed)

• द्रुतम् (drutam) - swiftly, quickly

• शिखण्डिनम् (śikhaṇḍinam) - Śikhaṇḍin (proper name)

• पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having made Śikhaṇḍin the vanguard (having placed in front, having made foremost)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (indicating sequence) (then, thence, afterwards)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

• अवर्तत (avartata) - it ensued, it took place, it occurred

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (indicating sequence) (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of Pāṇḍava prince)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O Great King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, sovereign

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a prominent character in the Mahābhārata)

अभि (abhi) - towards (Bhīṣma) (towards, against, to)

(indeclinable)

Note: functions as a prefix to adravat.

अद्रवत् (adravat) - he rushed (towards Bhīṣma) (he ran, he rushed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of drav

Imperfect

a (augment) + drav (root) + at (ending)

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Used with abhi as abhyadravat.

द्रुतम् (drutam) - swiftly, quickly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

derived from root dru (to run, flow)

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Adverbial use.

शिखण्डिनम् (śikhaṇḍinam) - Śikhaṇḍin (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin

śikhaṇḍin - Śikhaṇḍin (a warrior in the Mahābhārata)

Note: Object of puraskṛtya.

पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having made Śikhaṇḍin the vanguard (having placed in front, having made foremost)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

puras (prefix) + kr̥ (root) + tya (ending for gerund with prefix)

Prefix: puras

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (indicating sequence) (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, combat

derived from root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of avartata.

अवर्तत (avartata) - it ensued, it took place, it occurred

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

Imperfect

a (augment) + vṛt (root) + a (stem) + ta (ending)

Root: vṛt (class 1)