महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-112, verse-61

ततस्ते तावकाः शूराः पाण्डवं रभसं रणे ।
सर्वेऽभ्यधावन्क्रोशन्तस्तदद्भुतमिवाभवत् ॥६१॥

61. tataste tāvakāḥ śūrāḥ pāṇḍavaṁ rabhasaṁ raṇe ,
sarve'bhyadhāvankrośantastadadbhutamivābhavat.

61. tataḥ te tāvakāḥ śūrāḥ pāṇḍavam rabhasam raṇe sarve
abhyadhāvan krośantaḥ tat adbhutam iva abhavat

61. tataḥ te tāvakāḥ śūrāḥ sarve krośantaḥ rabhasam
pāṇḍavam raṇe abhyadhāvan tat adbhutam iva abhavat

61. Then, all those brave warriors of yours rushed fiercely upon the impetuous Pāṇḍava in battle, shouting loudly; that indeed was astonishing.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• ते (te) - those

• तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - your (men/supporters), belonging to you

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave warriors, heroes

• पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Arjuna (Pāṇḍava, son of Pāṇḍu)

• रभसम् (rabhasam) - impetuous, swift, furious, violent

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• अभ्यधावन् (abhyadhāvan) - they rushed towards, attacked

• क्रोशन्तः (krośantaḥ) - shouting, crying out

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - astonishing, wonderful, miraculous

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it happened, it became, it was

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

ablative suffix -tas

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, they

तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - your (men/supporters), belonging to you

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, relating to you, yours

derived from tva (you) + vun (ka)

Note: Functions as a substantive here, referring to 'your men'.

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave warriors, heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, heroic, warrior, hero

पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Arjuna (Pāṇḍava, son of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

derived from Pāṇḍu

Note: Refers to Arjuna in this context.

रभसम् (rabhasam) - impetuous, swift, furious, violent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rabhasa

rabhasa - impetuosity, vehemence, swiftness, violent, furious

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies pāṇḍavam.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Qualifies tāvakāḥ śūrāḥ.

अभ्यधावन् (abhyadhāvan) - they rushed towards, attacked

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dhāv

imperfect past active

3rd person plural, imperfect (laṅ), active voice

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: dhāv (class 1)

क्रोशन्तः (krośantaḥ) - shouting, crying out

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of krośant

kruś - to cry out, shout, scream

present active participle

Present participle of kruś, masculine, nominative plural

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies tāvakāḥ śūrāḥ.

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, this

Note: Refers to the entire event.

अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - astonishing, wonderful, miraculous

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adbhuta

adbhuta - wonderful, marvelous, astonishing, a wonder

Note: Predicative adjective for tat.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

अभवत् (abhavat) - it happened, it became, it was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

imperfect past active

3rd person singular, imperfect (laṅ), active voice

Root: bhū (class 1)