महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-112, verse-51

तां द्रोणो नवभिर्बाणैश्चिच्छेद युधि भारत ।
पार्षतं च महेष्वासं पीडयामास संयुगे ॥५१॥

51. tāṁ droṇo navabhirbāṇaiściccheda yudhi bhārata ,
pārṣataṁ ca maheṣvāsaṁ pīḍayāmāsa saṁyuge.

51. tām droṇaḥ navabhiḥ bāṇaiḥ ciccheda yudhi
bhārata pārṣatam ca maheṣvāsam pīḍayāmāsa saṃyuge

51. bhārata droṇaḥ yudhi navabhiḥ bāṇaiḥ tām ciccheda
ca saṃyuge maheṣvāsam pārṣatam pīḍayāmāsa

51. O Bhārata, Droṇa, in battle, shattered that (śakti) with nine arrows, and he tormented Pārṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna), the great archer, in the combat.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that (śakti/spear) (that (feminine))

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa

• नवभिः (navabhiḥ) - by nine

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut, shattered, divided

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in combat

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata

• पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Pārṣata, Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

• च (ca) - and, also

• महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - great archer, one with a great bow

• पीडयामास (pīḍayāmāsa) - afflicted, tormented, oppressed

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that (śakti/spear) (that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a warrior guru)

नवभिः (navabhiḥ) - by nine

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies 'bāṇaiḥ'

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut, shattered, divided

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of chid

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Reduplicated perfect (liṭ) form of root √chid.

Root: chid (class 7)

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

Root: yudh

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

Derived from Bharata with the patronymic suffix 'aṇ'.

Root: bhṛ

पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Pārṣata, Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārṣata

pārṣata - son of Pṛṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

Note: Object of 'pīḍayāmāsa'

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - great archer, one with a great bow

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, one who has a great bow

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'mahā' (great) + 'iṣvāsa' (bowman/bow).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bowman, archer, a bow
  noun (masculine)
  'iṣu' (arrow) + 'āsa' (thrower/bow).
  Root: as

पीडयामास (pīḍayāmāsa) - afflicted, tormented, oppressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pīḍ

Periphrastic Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Formed with the verbal noun 'pīḍā' + auxiliary verb 'as' (to be) in the perfect tense ('āmāsa').

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, engagement

From 'sam-' (together) + root √yuj (to join, unite).

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)