महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-112, verse-29

चित्रसेनश्च तं राजंस्त्रिंशता नतपर्वणाम् ।
आजघान रणे क्रुद्धः स च तं प्रत्यविध्यत ।
भीष्मस्य समरे राजन्यशो मानं च वर्धयन् ॥२९॥

29. citrasenaśca taṁ rājaṁstriṁśatā nataparvaṇām ,
ājaghāna raṇe kruddhaḥ sa ca taṁ pratyavidhyata ,
bhīṣmasya samare rājanyaśo mānaṁ ca vardhayan.

29. citrasenaḥ ca taṃ rājan triṃśatā
nataparvaṇām ājaghāna raṇe kruddhaḥ
saḥ ca taṃ pratyavidhyata bhīṣmasya
samare rājan yaśaḥ mānaṃ ca vardhayan

29. rājan,
kruddhaḥ citrasenaḥ raṇe triṃśatā nataparvaṇām taṃ ājaghāna saḥ ca taṃ pratyavidhyata,
rājan,
samare bhīṣmasya yaśaḥ mānaṃ ca vardhayan

29. O King, enraged Citrasena struck that warrior in battle with thirty well-jointed arrows. And that warrior, in turn, pierced him back, thereby increasing Bhishma's fame and honor in the battle.

Words meanings summery:

• चित्रसेनः (citrasenaḥ) - Citrasena

• च (ca) - and

• तम् (tam) - him, that one

• राजन् (rājan) - Used as a respectful address to the listener (Dhritarashtra). (O king)

• त्रिंशता (triṁśatā) - (with thirty arrows) (with thirty)

• नतपर्वणाम् (nataparvaṇām) - Of arrows with well-made or bent joints, implying strong and effective arrows. (of well-jointed, with bent nodes)

• आजघान (ājaghāna) - struck (with arrows) (struck, hit)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to the warrior being attacked by Citrasena. (he, that one)

• च (ca) - and

• तम् (tam) - him, that one

• प्रत्यविध्यत (pratyavidhyata) - pierced in return, shot back

• भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhishma

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• राजन् (rājan) - Used as a respectful address to the listener (Dhritarashtra). (O king)

• यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame, glory, renown

• मानम् (mānam) - honor, respect, pride

• च (ca) - and

• वर्धयन् (vardhayan) - increasing, causing to grow

Words meanings and morphology

चित्रसेनः (citrasenaḥ) - Citrasena

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of citrasena

citrasena - name of a warrior

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him, that one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजन् (rājan) - Used as a respectful address to the listener (Dhritarashtra). (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

त्रिंशता (triṁśatā) - (with thirty arrows) (with thirty)

(numeral)

नतपर्वणाम् (nataparvaṇām) - Of arrows with well-made or bent joints, implying strong and effective arrows. (of well-jointed, with bent nodes)

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of nataparvan

nataparvan - having bent joints, well-jointed (referring to arrows)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nata+parvan)

• nata – bent, bowed, humble
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root nam (to bend) + kta
  Root: nam (class 1)
• parvan – knot, joint, section, limb
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used here as an adjective for implied 'arrows' (śaraiḥ).

आजघान (ājaghāna) - struck (with arrows) (struck, hit)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of han

Perfect Active

root han (to strike) with upasarga ā

Prefix: ā

Root: han (class 2)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged

Past Passive Participle

from root krudh (to be angry) + kta

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Modifies Citrasena (implied).

सः (saḥ) - Refers to the warrior being attacked by Citrasena. (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him, that one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रत्यविध्यत (pratyavidhyata) - pierced in return, shot back

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyadh

Imperfect Middle

root vyadh (to pierce, strike) with upasarga prati

Prefix: prati

Root: vyadh (class 4)

भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhishma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - name of a warrior

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, combat, war

Root: mṛ

राजन् (rājan) - Used as a respectful address to the listener (Dhritarashtra). (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame, glory, renown

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yaśas

yaśas - fame, glory, renown

मानम् (mānam) - honor, respect, pride

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of māna

māna - honor, respect, pride, measure

Root: mān (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वर्धयन् (vardhayan) - increasing, causing to grow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vardh

vardh - to increase, grow, cause to grow

Present Active Participle

from root vṛdh (to grow) in causal (or 10th class) with śatṛ suffix

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implicit subject of 'pratyavidhyata', i.e., the warrior who fought back.