महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-112, verse-47

तस्य क्रुद्धो महाराज पार्षतः परवीरहा ।
द्रोणाय चिक्षेप गदां यमदण्डोपमां रणे ॥४७॥

47. tasya kruddho mahārāja pārṣataḥ paravīrahā ,
droṇāya cikṣepa gadāṁ yamadaṇḍopamāṁ raṇe.

47. tasya kruddhaḥ mahārāja pārṣataḥ paravīrahā
droṇāya cikṣepa gadām yamadaṇḍopamām raṇe

47. mahārāja kruddhaḥ pārṣataḥ paravīrahā tasya
droṇāya raṇe yamadaṇṇopamām gadām cikṣepa

47. O great king, enraged at him, Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Pārṣataḥ), the slayer of enemy heroes, hurled a mace resembling Yama's staff (yamadaṇḍopamām) at Droṇa in the battle.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - at Droṇa (genitive with kruddha) (of him, to him, at him)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna, enraged at Droṇa (enraged, angry)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

• पार्षतः (pārṣataḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (son of Pṛṣata, descendent of Pṛṣata)

• परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna, known for killing enemy warriors (slayer of enemy heroes)

• द्रोणाय (droṇāya) - to Droṇa, for Droṇa

• चिक्षेप (cikṣepa) - threw, hurled, cast

• गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

• यमदण्डोपमाम् (yamadaṇḍopamām) - resembling Yama's staff, like the rod of Death

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, during the fight

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - at Droṇa (genitive with kruddha) (of him, to him, at him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Relates to kruddhaḥ

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna, enraged at Droṇa (enraged, angry)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged

Past Passive Participle

From √krudh (to be angry) + kta suffix.

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Often used actively in this context

महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  From mahat.
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Common address in Mahābhārata

पार्षतः (pārṣataḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (son of Pṛṣata, descendent of Pṛṣata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārṣata

pārṣata - son of Pṛṣata, descendent of Pṛṣata

Taddhita derivation from Pṛṣata.

Note: Subject of the sentence

परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna, known for killing enemy warriors (slayer of enemy heroes)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paravīrahā

paravīrahā - slayer of enemy heroes

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (para+vīra+hā)

• para – enemy, other, supreme
  adjective
• vīra – hero, warrior
  noun (masculine)
• hā – killer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From √han (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Epithet for Dhṛṣṭadyumna

द्रोणाय (droṇāya) - to Droṇa, for Droṇa

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a teacher/warrior)

Note: Indirect object of cikṣepa

चिक्षेप (cikṣepa) - threw, hurled, cast

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of cikṣepa

Root reduplication for perfect tense.

Root: kṣip (class 6)

गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

यमदण्डोपमाम् (yamadaṇḍopamām) - resembling Yama's staff, like the rod of Death

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yamadaṇḍopamā

yamadaṇḍopamā - resembling Yama's staff, like the rod of Death

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa + Upamānam-Pūrva-Pada Bahuvrīhi / Upamita-samāsa (yama+daṇḍa+upamā)

• yama – Yama (the god of death)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: yam (class 1)
• daṇḍa – staff, rod, punishment
  noun (masculine)
  From √daṇḍ (to punish).
  Root: daṇḍ (class 10)
• upamā – resemblance, comparison, simile
  noun (feminine)
  From upa-mā.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Descriptive of the mace

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, during the fight

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war

From √raṇ (to rejoice, be glad) or perhaps linked to 'noise, din'.

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Denotes place of action