महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-112, verse-53

अर्जुनः प्राप्य गाङ्गेयं पीडयन्निशितैः शरैः ।
अभ्यद्रवत संयत्तं वने मत्तमिव द्विपम् ॥५३॥

53. arjunaḥ prāpya gāṅgeyaṁ pīḍayanniśitaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
abhyadravata saṁyattaṁ vane mattamiva dvipam.

53. arjunaḥ prāpya gāṅgeyam pīḍayan niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ
abhyadravat saṃyattam vane mattam iva dvipam

53. arjunaḥ gāṅgeyam prāpya niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ pīḍayan
vane mattam dvipam iva saṃyattam abhyadravat

53. Arjuna, having confronted Bhishma (Gāṅgeya) and tormenting him with sharp arrows, charged towards the prepared Bhishma, just as one charges at a maddened elephant in a forest.

Words meanings summery:

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having confronted

• गाङ्गेयम् (gāṅgeyam) - Bhishma (son of Ganga, Bhishma)

• पीडयन् (pīḍayan) - tormenting, harassing, afflicting

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp, with whetted

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - charged, rushed towards, attacked

• संयत्तम् (saṁyattam) - the one (Bhishma) who was prepared for battle (prepared, restrained, controlled)

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• मत्तम् (mattam) - maddened, intoxicated, furious

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• द्विपम् (dvipam) - elephant

Words meanings and morphology

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pandava prince); white, clear; peacock

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having confronted

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root 'āp' with prefix 'pra' and suffix '-ya'

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

गाङ्गेयम् (gāṅgeyam) - Bhishma (son of Ganga, Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gāṅgeya

gāṅgeya - son of Ganga, Bhishma

Derived from Gangā (Ganga) + ḍhak (patronymic suffix)

पीडयन् (pīḍayan) - tormenting, harassing, afflicting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pīḍayat

pīḍayat - tormenting, oppressing, causing pain

present active participle

Derived from root 'pīḍ' (to vex, oppress) + śatṛ (present active participle suffix)

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Modifies Arjuna.

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp, with whetted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharp, whetted, keen, pointed

past passive participle

Derived from root 'śo' (to sharpen) with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Modifies śaraiḥ.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow; reed, rush

अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - charged, rushed towards, attacked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhidru

imperfect

Imperfect 3rd person singular active, from root 'dru' with prefixes 'abhi' and 'ā'

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: dru (class 1)

संयत्तम् (saṁyattam) - the one (Bhishma) who was prepared for battle (prepared, restrained, controlled)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃyatta

saṁyatta - prepared, ready, restrained, collected

past passive participle

Derived from root 'yam' with prefix 'sam'

Prefix: sam

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Modifies gāṅgeyam (understood).

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood; water; thicket

मत्तम् (mattam) - maddened, intoxicated, furious

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of matta

matta - maddened, intoxicated, furious, excited

past passive participle

Derived from root 'mad' (to be glad, rejoice, be drunk)

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Modifies dvipam.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

द्विपम् (dvipam) - elephant

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dvipa

dvipa - elephant (lit. 'drinker twice', referring to trunk and mouth, or 'island-drinker')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+pa)

• dvi – two, twice
  indeclinable
• pa – drinker, protector
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'pā' (to drink, protect)
  Root: pā (class 1)