महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-112, verse-83

यः शक्तः समरे भीष्मं योधयेत पितामहम् ।
ऋते त्वां पुरुषव्याघ्र सत्यमेतद्ब्रवीमि ते ॥८३॥

83. yaḥ śaktaḥ samare bhīṣmaṁ yodhayeta pitāmaham ,
ṛte tvāṁ puruṣavyāghra satyametadbravīmi te.

83. yaḥ śaktaḥ samare bhīṣmam yodhayeta pitāmaham
ṛte tvām puruṣavyāghra satyam etat bravīmi te

83. puruṣavyāghra tvām ṛte yaḥ (kaḥ) samare pitāmaham bhīṣmam
yodhayeta (saḥ) śaktaḥ (asti) te etat satyam bravīmi

83. Who, capable in battle, could fight Bhishma, the grandfather, except you, O tiger among men? This truth I declare to you.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable, able, powerful

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma

• योधयेत (yodhayeta) - should fight, might fight

• पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - referring to Bhishma (grandfather)

• ऋते (ṛte) - except, without, apart from

• त्वाम् (tvām) - referring to Shikhandi (you)

• पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - vocative address to Shikhandi (O tiger among men)

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, truly

• एतत् (etat) - this

• ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I say, I speak, I tell

• ते (te) - to you (Shikhandi) (to you, your)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable, able, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakta

śakta - able, capable, powerful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'śak' (to be able).

Root: śak (class 5)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a Kuru warrior, son of Shantanu and Ganga)

योधयेत (yodhayeta) - should fight, might fight

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of yudh

Causative optative

Causative stem yodhaya- + optative ending. While grammatically causative ('cause to fight'), it is often used transitively for 'to fight' with an object in epic Sanskrit.

Root: yudh (class 4)

पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - referring to Bhishma (grandfather)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, great ancestor

ऋते (ṛte) - except, without, apart from

(indeclinable)

त्वाम् (tvām) - referring to Shikhandi (you)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of tvad

tvad - you (pronoun)

Note: Object of the indeclinable 'ṛte'.

पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - vocative address to Shikhandi (O tiger among men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, excellent man, chief among men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, person, male
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

Note: Common epithet in epics.

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, truly

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, real, true

Note: Object of 'bravīmi'.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Refers to 'satyam'.

ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I say, I speak, I tell

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of brū

Root brū (2P).

Root: brū (class 2)

ते (te) - to you (Shikhandi) (to you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you (pronoun)

Note: Indirect object of 'bravīmi'.