महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-112, verse-114

ते शरार्ता महाराज विप्रकीर्णरथध्वजाः ।
नाभ्यवर्तन्त राजानः सहिता वानरध्वजम् ॥११४॥

114. te śarārtā mahārāja viprakīrṇarathadhvajāḥ ,
nābhyavartanta rājānaḥ sahitā vānaradhvajam.

114. te śarārtāḥ mahārāja viprakīrṇarathadhvajāḥ na
abhyavartanta rājānaḥ sahitāḥ vānaradhvajam

114. mahārāja te śarārtāḥ viprakīrṇarathadhvajāḥ
rājānaḥ sahitāḥ vānaradhvajam na abhyavartanta

114. O great king, those kings, distressed by arrows and having their chariot banners scattered, did not turn back together to face the one bearing the monkey banner (Arjuna).

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those, they

• शरार्ताः (śarārtāḥ) - distressed by arrows, wounded by arrows

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• विप्रकीर्णरथध्वजाः (viprakīrṇarathadhvajāḥ) - having their chariots and banners scattered

• न (na) - not

• अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - they turned back, they returned to face

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - together, accompanied

• वानरध्वजम् (vānaradhvajam) - Arjuna, whose banner bore the emblem of a monkey (the monkey-bannered one)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शरार्ताः (śarārtāḥ) - distressed by arrows, wounded by arrows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śarārta

śarārta - distressed by arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+ārta)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• ārta – distressed, afflicted, hurt
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root ṛ with prefix ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)

विप्रकीर्णरथध्वजाः (viprakīrṇarathadhvajāḥ) - having their chariots and banners scattered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viprakīrṇarathadhvaja

viprakīrṇarathadhvaja - having scattered chariots and banners

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (viprakīrṇa+ratha+dhvaja)

• viprakīrṇa – scattered, dispersed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kīr with prefixes vi-pra-
  Prefixes: vi+pra
  Root: kīr (class 6)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• dhvaja – banner, flag
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - they turned back, they returned to face

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

imperfect, 3rd plural

Derived from root vṛt with prefixes abhi-ava-

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: vṛt (class 1)

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - together, accompanied

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied, joined, together with

past passive participle

Derived from root sah (to bear, endure) or from sa + dhā (to place) and then 'ita' suffix

Root: sah (class 1)

वानरध्वजम् (vānaradhvajam) - Arjuna, whose banner bore the emblem of a monkey (the monkey-bannered one)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vānaradhvaja

vānaradhvaja - having a monkey for a banner

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vānara+dhvaja)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• dhvaja – banner, flag
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Arjuna