महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-131, verse-82

संजय उवाच ।
अश्वत्थामानमुक्त्वैवं ततः सौबलमब्रवीत् ।
वृतः शतसहस्रेण रथानां रणशोभिनाम् ॥८२॥

82. saṁjaya uvāca ,
aśvatthāmānamuktvaivaṁ tataḥ saubalamabravīt ,
vṛtaḥ śatasahasreṇa rathānāṁ raṇaśobhinām.

82. Sañjaya uvāca Aśvatthāmānam uktvā evam tataḥ Saubalam
abravīt vṛtaḥ śatasahasreṇa rathānām raṇaśobhinām

82. Sañjayaḥ uvāca.
evam Aśvatthāmānam uktvā,
tataḥ Saubalam abravīt.
[Saḥ] raṇaśobhinām rathānām śatasahasreṇa vṛtaḥ.

82. Sañjaya said: Having thus addressed Aśvatthāman, he then spoke to the son of Subala (Śakuni). He (the son of Subala) was surrounded by a hundred thousand chariots, glorious in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya (name of a person)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अश्वत्थामानम् (aśvatthāmānam) - Aśvatthāman (name of a person)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• सौबलम् (saubalam) - Śakuni, the maternal uncle of Duryodhana (son of Subala (Śakuni))

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed, chosen

• शतसहस्रेण (śatasahasreṇa) - by a hundred thousand

• रथानाम् (rathānām) - of chariots

• रणशोभिनाम् (raṇaśobhinām) - of those glorious or splendid in battle

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya (name of a person)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Sañjaya

Sañjaya - victorious, conqueror, name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

From root 'vac', perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

अश्वत्थामानम् (aśvatthāmānam) - Aśvatthāman (name of a person)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of Aśvatthāman

Aśvatthāman - name of Droṇa's son

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Formed with suffix -tvā from root 'vac'

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

सौबलम् (saubalam) - Śakuni, the maternal uncle of Duryodhana (son of Subala (Śakuni))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of Saubala

Saubala - son of Subala (referring to Śakuni)

Derived from Subala

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

From root 'brū', imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, a-augment

Root: brū (class 2)

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed, chosen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen, appointed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛ' (to cover, surround, choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

शतसहस्रेण (śatasahasreṇa) - by a hundred thousand

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śatasahasra

śatasahasra - a hundred thousand

Compound type : tatpurusha (śata+sahasra)

• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

रथानाम् (rathānām) - of chariots

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot

रणशोभिनाम् (raṇaśobhinām) - of those glorious or splendid in battle

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of raṇaśobhin

raṇaśobhin - shining in battle, glorious in battle

Compound type : tatpurusha (raṇa+śobhin)

• raṇa – battle, war
  noun (masculine)
• śobhin – shining, splendid, beautiful, glorious
  adjective
  From root śubh (to shine)
  Root: śubh (class 1)