महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-131, verse-21

विव्याध सोमदत्तस्तु सात्वतं नवभिः शरैः ।
सात्यकिर्दशभिश्चैनमवधीत्कुरुपुंगवम् ॥२१॥

21. vivyādha somadattastu sātvataṁ navabhiḥ śaraiḥ ,
sātyakirdaśabhiścainamavadhītkurupuṁgavam.

21. vivyādha somadattaḥ tu sātvatam navabhiḥ śaraiḥ
sātyakiḥ daśabhiḥ ca enam avadhīt kurupuṅgavam

21. somadattaḥ tu navabhiḥ śaraiḥ sātvatam vivyādha
sātyakiḥ ca daśabhiḥ enam kurupuṅgavam avadhīt

21. But Somadatta pierced Sātvata (Sātyaki) with nine arrows. And Sātyaki, in turn, struck that best among the Kurus (Somadatta) with ten (arrows).

Words meanings summery:

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he struck

• सोमदत्तः (somadattaḥ) - Somadatta

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• सात्वतम् (sātvatam) - Sātyaki (a Yadava warrior) (Sātvata (Sātyaki))

• नवभिः (navabhiḥ) - with nine

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki

• दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - (with ten arrows) (with ten)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एनम् (enam) - him, that (person)

• अवधीत् (avadhīt) - he struck, he killed

• कुरुपुङ्गवम् (kurupuṅgavam) - the best among the Kurus, bull of the Kurus

Words meanings and morphology

विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vyadh

Perfect 3rd singular Active Voice

Root `vyadh` (class 4) with prefix `vi`.

Prefix: vi

Root: vyadh (class 4)

सोमदत्तः (somadattaḥ) - Somadatta

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of somadatta

somadatta - given by Soma, name of a king

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

सात्वतम् (sātvatam) - Sātyaki (a Yadava warrior) (Sātvata (Sātyaki))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sātvata

sātvata - descendant of Satvata, a name of Sātyaki

नवभिः (navabhiḥ) - with nine

(numeral)

Note: Always in plural forms.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed, dart

Root: śṛ (class 1)

सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sātyaki

sātyaki - name of a Yadava warrior, a son of Satyaka

दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - (with ten arrows) (with ten)

(numeral)

Note: Implied 'śaraiḥ' (arrows).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him, that (person)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him, her, it

Note: Refers to Somadatta.

अवधीत् (avadhīt) - he struck, he killed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of han

Aorist 3rd singular Active Voice

Root `han` (class 2), Aorist form with augment 'a'.

Root: han (class 2)

कुरुपुङ्गवम् (kurupuṅgavam) - the best among the Kurus, bull of the Kurus

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kurupuṅgava

kurupuṅgava - a bull among the Kurus, foremost of the Kurus, best of the Kurus

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+puṅgava)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king, and his descendants)
  proper noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull (as a symbol of excellence), chief, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Somadatta.