महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-131, verse-120

कङ्कगृध्रमहाग्राहां नैकायुधझषाकुलाम् ।
रथक्षिप्तमहावप्रां पताकारुचिरद्रुमाम् ॥१२०॥

120. kaṅkagṛdhramahāgrāhāṁ naikāyudhajhaṣākulām ,
rathakṣiptamahāvaprāṁ patākāruciradrumām.

120. kaṅkagṛdhramahāgrāhām na eka āyudhajhaṣākulām
rathakṣiptamahāvaprām patākāruciradrumām

120. kaṅkagṛdhramahāgrāhām,
na eka āyudhajhaṣākulām,
rathakṣiptamahāvaprām,
patākāruciradrumām.

120. It was characterized by herons and vultures acting like great crocodiles, teeming with various weapons resembling fish, having its massive banks churned up by chariots, and adorned with banners that stood like beautiful trees.

Words meanings summery:

• कङ्कगृध्रमहाग्राहाम् (kaṅkagṛdhramahāgrāhām) - having herons and vultures as great crocodiles

• न (na) - not

• एक (eka) - one, singular

• आयुधझषाकुलाम् (āyudhajhaṣākulām) - disturbed by weapons like fish

• रथक्षिप्तमहावप्राम् (rathakṣiptamahāvaprām) - having its great banks shattered by chariots

• पताकारुचिरद्रुमाम् (patākāruciradrumām) - having beautiful trees as banners

Words meanings and morphology

कङ्कगृध्रमहाग्राहाम् (kaṅkagṛdhramahāgrāhām) - having herons and vultures as great crocodiles

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kaṅkagṛdhramahāgrāhā

kaṅkagṛdhramahāgrāhā - (feminine) having herons (kaṅka) and vultures (gṛdhra) as great (mahā) crocodiles (grāha)

Compound adjective describing a feminine noun.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kaṅka+gṛdhra+mahā+grāha)

• kaṅka – heron, a kind of bird of prey
  noun (masculine)
• gṛdhra – vulture
  noun (masculine)
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• grāha – crocodile, alligator, large aquatic animal
  noun (masculine)
  Root: grah (class 9)

Note: The compound translates as 'having herons and vultures as great crocodiles'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

एक (eka) - one, singular

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of eka

eka - one, a single, unique, alone

Note: This is part of the compound `naikāyudhajhaṣākulām`.

आयुधझषाकुलाम् (āyudhajhaṣākulām) - disturbed by weapons like fish

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āyudhajhaṣākulā

āyudhajhaṣākulā - (feminine) agitated/filled with weapons (āyudha) like fish (jhaṣa)

Compound adjective describing a feminine noun.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (āyudha+jhaṣa+ākula)

• āyudha – weapon, implement
  noun (neuter)
• jhaṣa – fish, large fish
  noun (masculine)
• ākula – confused, agitated, full of, teeming with
  adjective (neuter)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kul (class 1)

Note: `na eka` (many) applies to `āyudhajhaṣākulām`. So, "agitated by many weapons (like) fish".

रथक्षिप्तमहावप्राम् (rathakṣiptamahāvaprām) - having its great banks shattered by chariots

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rathakṣiptamahāvaprā

rathakṣiptamahāvaprā - (feminine) having great banks (mahāvaprā) shattered (kṣipta) by chariots (ratha)

Compound adjective describing a feminine noun.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ratha+kṣipta+mahā+vapra)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• kṣipta – thrown, cast, scattered, shattered
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √kṣip (to throw, cast, scatter).
  Root: kṣip (class 6)
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• vapra – bank, mound, dam, shore
  noun (masculine)

Note: The compound translates as 'having its great banks shattered by chariots'.

पताकारुचिरद्रुमाम् (patākāruciradrumām) - having beautiful trees as banners

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of patākāruciradrumā

patākāruciradrumā - (feminine) having banners (patākā) like beautiful (rucira) trees (druma)

Compound adjective describing a feminine noun.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (patākā+rucira+druma)

• patākā – banner, flag, standard
  noun (feminine)
• rucira – beautiful, splendid, brilliant, pleasant
  adjective (neuter)
  Root: ruc (class 6)
• druma – tree
  noun (masculine)

Note: The compound translates as 'having banners which are like beautiful trees'.