महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-80, verse-48

तत्राभिषेकं यः कुर्यात्पितृदेवार्चने रतः ।
अश्वमेधं दशगुणं प्रवदन्ति मनीषिणः ॥४८॥

48. tatrābhiṣekaṁ yaḥ kuryātpitṛdevārcane rataḥ ,
aśvamedhaṁ daśaguṇaṁ pravadanti manīṣiṇaḥ.

48. tatra abhiṣekam yaḥ kuryāt pitṛdevārcane rataḥ
aśvamedham daśaguṇam pravadanti manīṣiṇaḥ

48. manīṣiṇaḥ pravadanti yaḥ tatra pitṛdevārcane rataḥ abhiṣekam
kuryāt (saḥ) aśvamedham daśaguṇam (phalam avāpnoti)

48. The wise (manīṣiṇaḥ) declare that whoever performs a ritual ablution (abhiṣeka) there, being devoted to the worship of ancestors and gods, achieves a spiritual merit tenfold that of the Aśvamedha (Vedic ritual).

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there (referring to a sacred spot implied by context) (there, in that place)

• अभिषेकम् (abhiṣekam) - ritual ablution (abhiṣeka) (ablution, bath, anointing, consecration)

• यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, he who)

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should perform (should do, should perform, may do)

• पितृदेवार्चने (pitṛdevārcane) - in the worship of ancestors and gods

• रतः (rataḥ) - devoted to (engaged in, devoted to, delighted in)

• अश्वमेधम् (aśvamedham) - the Aśvamedha (Vedic ritual) (the Aśvamedha (ritual))

• दशगुणम् (daśaguṇam) - a spiritual merit tenfold (that of the Aśvamedha) (ten times, tenfold)

• प्रवदन्ति (pravadanti) - they declare (they declare, they say, they proclaim)

• मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - the wise (manīṣiṇaḥ) (the wise, the thoughtful, sages)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there (referring to a sacred spot implied by context) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place.

अभिषेकम् (abhiṣekam) - ritual ablution (abhiṣeka) (ablution, bath, anointing, consecration)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhiṣeka

abhiṣeka - anointing, bathing, consecration, ritual ablution

Derived from root `sic` (to sprinkle) with prefix `abhi-` (towards, over).

Prefix: abhi

Root: sic (class 6)

यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, he who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun, forms a conditional clause.

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should perform (should do, should perform, may do)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of kṛ

optative active

3rd person singular optative active of √kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पितृदेवार्चने (pitṛdevārcane) - in the worship of ancestors and gods

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pitṛdevārcana

pitṛdevārcana - worship of ancestors and gods

Compound noun.

Compound type : dvandva/tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+deva+arcana)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  From root `div` (to shine).
  Root: div (class 4)
• arcana – worship, adoration, honoring
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root `arc` (to worship, praise).
  Root: arc (class 1)

Note: Denotes the object of devotion.

रतः (rataḥ) - devoted to (engaged in, devoted to, delighted in)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rata

rata - engaged, devoted, intent on, pleased, delighted

Past Passive Participle

From root `ram` (to delight, enjoy). Often used with locative.

Root: ram (class 1)

अश्वमेधम् (aśvamedham) - the Aśvamedha (Vedic ritual) (the Aśvamedha (ritual))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aśvamedha

aśvamedha - horse sacrifice ritual, Aśvamedha (Vedic ritual)

दशगुणम् (daśaguṇam) - a spiritual merit tenfold (that of the Aśvamedha) (ten times, tenfold)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of daśaguṇa

daśaguṇa - tenfold, ten times, multiplied by ten

Compound of `daśa` (ten) and `guṇa` (quality, factor, multiple).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daśa+guṇa)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• guṇa – quality, attribute, times (as a multiplier), string
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies an implied `phalam`.

प्रवदन्ति (pravadanti) - they declare (they declare, they say, they proclaim)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of vad

present active indicative

3rd person plural present active of √vad with prefix `pra-`.

Prefix: pra

Root: vad (class 1)

मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - the wise (manīṣiṇaḥ) (the wise, the thoughtful, sages)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manīṣin

manīṣin - wise, thoughtful, sagacious, intelligent person

From `manīṣā` (intellect, wisdom).

Root: man (class 4)