महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-80, verse-18

शिरसा चार्घ्यमादाय शुचिः प्रयतमानसः ।
नाम संकीर्तयामास तस्मिन्ब्रह्मर्षिसत्तमे ॥१८॥

18. śirasā cārghyamādāya śuciḥ prayatamānasaḥ ,
nāma saṁkīrtayāmāsa tasminbrahmarṣisattame.

18. śirasā ca arghyam ādāya śuciḥ prayatamānasaḥ
nāma saṃkīrtayāmāsa tasmin brahmarṣisattame

18. With his head, he reverently took the water offering (arghya); pure and with a controlled mind, he chanted the name of that foremost among brahmin sages.

Words meanings summery:

• शिरसा (śirasā) - reverently, with respect (literally 'by the head') (with the head, by the head)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अर्घ्यम् (arghyam) - the water offering (given to a guest) (water offering, respectful offering)

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken (the offering) (having taken, taking)

• शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure (referring to Bhishma) (pure, clean)

• प्रयततमानसः (prayatatamānasaḥ) - with a controlled mind (referring to Bhishma) (with controlled mind, with a subdued mind)

• नाम (nāma) - the name (name, by name)

• संकीर्तयामास (saṁkīrtayāmāsa) - he chanted (the name of the sage) (he chanted, he proclaimed, he glorified)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - to that (brahmin sage) (in that, to that)

• ब्रह्मर्षिसत्तमे (brahmarṣisattame) - to that foremost brahmin sage (Parashurama) (in/to the best of brahmin sages)

Words meanings and morphology

शिरसा (śirasā) - reverently, with respect (literally 'by the head') (with the head, by the head)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, skull, summit

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the action of taking arghya with the qualities of purity and controlled mind

अर्घ्यम् (arghyam) - the water offering (given to a guest) (water offering, respectful offering)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of arghya

arghya - respectful offering of water, offering

From argh (to deserve) + ya

Root: argh (class 10)

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken (the offering) (having taken, taking)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root dā (to give) with ā prefix, and lyap suffix for absolutive

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure (referring to Bhishma) (pure, clean)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, holy, bright

i-stem adjective

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Bhishma

प्रयततमानसः (prayatatamānasaḥ) - with a controlled mind (referring to Bhishma) (with controlled mind, with a subdued mind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prayatatamānasa

prayatatamānasa - having a restrained mind, with controlled thoughts

Compound: prayata + mānasa

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prayatata+mānasa)

• prayatata – restrained, controlled, disciplined
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yat (to strive) with pra prefix
  Prefix: pra
  Root: yat (class 1)
• mānasa – mind, mental
  noun (neuter)
  From manas (mind)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies Bhishma

नाम (nāma) - the name (name, by name)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation, noun

n-stem noun

Note: Object of saṃkīrtayāmāsa

संकीर्तयामास (saṁkīrtayāmāsa) - he chanted (the name of the sage) (he chanted, he proclaimed, he glorified)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of saṃkīrt

Periphrastic Perfect

From root kīrt (to mention, proclaim) with prefix sam. āmāsa for periphrastic perfect

Prefix: sam

Root: kīrt (class 10)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - to that (brahmin sage) (in that, to that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the brahmin sage. Used here with locative indicating reference/relation

ब्रह्मर्षिसत्तमे (brahmarṣisattame) - to that foremost brahmin sage (Parashurama) (in/to the best of brahmin sages)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of brahmarṣisattama

brahmarṣisattama - foremost among brahmin sages, best of brahmin sages

Compound: brahma-ṛṣi + sattama (superlative of sat, good)

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahmarṣi+sattama)

• brahmarṣi – brahmin sage, divine sage
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: brahman + ṛṣi
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of sat (good)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Qualifies tasmin