महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-80, verse-44

यत्र देवास्तपस्तप्त्वा दैत्या ब्रह्मर्षयस्तथा ।
दिव्ययोगा महाराज पुण्येन महतान्विताः ॥४४॥

44. yatra devāstapastaptvā daityā brahmarṣayastathā ,
divyayogā mahārāja puṇyena mahatānvitāḥ.

44. yatra devāḥ tapaḥ taptvā daityāḥ brahmarṣayaḥ
tathā divyayogāḥ mahārāja puṇyena mahatā anvitāḥ

44. O great king (mahārāja), it is where the gods, Daityas, and Brahmin sages (Brahmarṣis), having performed austerities (tapas), became divine yogis and were endowed with great merit.

44. שם, לאחר שנטלו על עצמם תרגולי עוצמה רוחנית, האלים, הדַיטְיַה וחוזי הבְּרַהְמִין, הו מלך גדול, בעלי יוֹגַה אלוהית, מלאים בזכויות רבות.

Words meanings summery:

• यत्र (yatra) - where

• देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance (tapas)

• तप्त्वा (taptvā) - having performed austerities, having practiced penance

• दैत्याः (daityāḥ) - the Daityas (a class of demons)

• ब्रह्मर्षयः (brahmarṣayaḥ) - the Brahmarṣis (Brahmin sages)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, also

• दिव्ययोगाः (divyayogāḥ) - divine yogis, those possessing divine spiritual powers (yoga)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• पुण्येन (puṇyena) - with merit, by virtue of merit

• महता (mahatā) - great, abundant

• अन्विताः (anvitāḥ) - endowed with, accompanied by

Words meanings and morphology

यत्र (yatra) - where

(indeclinable)

Note: Starts a relative clause describing the place.

देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity

Note: One of the subjects performing 'tapas'.

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance (tapas)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, warmth; religious austerity, penance, spiritual fervor, self-discipline (tapas)

Note: Object of the action 'taptvā'.

तप्त्वा (taptvā) - having performed austerities, having practiced penance

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Ktvā)

Derived from root tap (to heat, perform austerity) with the ktvā suffix.

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Absolutive, indicating a preceding action.

दैत्याः (daityāḥ) - the Daityas (a class of demons)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of daitya

daitya - a descendant of Diti, a class of demons, giants

Note: One of the subjects performing 'tapas'.

ब्रह्मर्षयः (brahmarṣayaḥ) - the Brahmarṣis (Brahmin sages)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brahmarṣi

brahmarṣi - a Brahmin sage, a sage of the highest class

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+ṛṣi)

• brahman – Vedic priest, Brahmin; sacred word, Veda; the Absolute (brahman)
  noun (neuter)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

Note: One of the subjects performing 'tapas'.

तथा (tathā) - similarly, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the list of subjects.

दिव्ययोगाः (divyayogāḥ) - divine yogis, those possessing divine spiritual powers (yoga)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of divyayoga

divyayoga - one possessing divine spiritual powers (yoga), a divine yogi

Compound type : tatpurusha (divya+yoga)

• divya – divine, celestial, heavenly
  adjective (masculine)
• yoga – union, spiritual discipline, meditation, spiritual power (yoga)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Functions as a nominative predicate or appositive, describing the state achieved by the subjects.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective (neuter)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to the listener.

पुण्येन (puṇyena) - with merit, by virtue of merit

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of puṇya

puṇya - merit, virtue, righteousness, good deed

Note: by means of merit.

महता (mahatā) - great, abundant

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, abundant

Note: Qualifies 'puṇyena'.

अन्विताः (anvitāḥ) - endowed with, accompanied by

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anvita

anvita - accompanied by, connected with, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root i (to go) with upasargas anu- and ā-.

Prefixes: anu+ā

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'devāḥ, daityāḥ, brahmarṣayaḥ'. Implies verb 'were'.

Previous Verse Next Verse