महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-80, verse-17

उपस्थितं महाराज पूजयामास भारत ।
भीष्मो धर्मभृतां श्रेष्ठो विधिदृष्टेन कर्मणा ॥१७॥

17. upasthitaṁ mahārāja pūjayāmāsa bhārata ,
bhīṣmo dharmabhṛtāṁ śreṣṭho vidhidṛṣṭena karmaṇā.

17. upasthitam mahārāja pūjayāmāsa bhārata bhīṣmaḥ
dharmabhṛtām śreṣṭhaḥ vidhidṛṣṭena karmaṇā

17. O great king (Maharaja), O Bharata, Bhishma, the foremost among the upholders of natural law (dharma), worshipped the one who had arrived, performing rites (karma) as prescribed by scriptural injunctions.

17. הו מלך גדול, הו בן בְּהָארַטַה, את פּוּלַסְטְיַה שהגיע כיבד בְּהִישְׁמַה, הנעלה בנושאי חוק היושר, בפעולות כפי שנקבעו בהוראות.

Words meanings summery:

• उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - the one who had arrived (referring to Parashurama) (present, arrived, standing near)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (addressing Dhritarashtra) (great king, O great king)

• पूजयामास (pūjayāmāsa) - Bhishma worshipped (Parashurama) (he worshipped, he honored)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bharata (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bharata)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (the son of Ganga and Shantanu) (Bhishma)

• धर्मभृताम् (dharmabhṛtām) - of the upholders of natural law (dharma)

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - the most excellent (among the upholders of dharma) (best, foremost, most excellent)

• विधिदृष्टेन (vidhidṛṣṭena) - by means prescribed by scriptural injunctions (by what is seen/ordained by rule/law, according to injunctions)

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by rites (sacred actions) (by action, by ritual, by deed)

Words meanings and morphology

उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - the one who had arrived (referring to Parashurama) (present, arrived, standing near)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upasthita

upasthita - present, arrived, standing near, ready

Past Passive Participle

From upa-sthā (to stand near)

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: It is technically neuter accusative singular, but functions here as a masculine noun referring to a person.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (addressing Dhritarashtra) (great king, O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king

Compound: mahat + rājan

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

पूजयामास (pūjayāmāsa) - Bhishma worshipped (Parashurama) (he worshipped, he honored)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of pūj

Periphrastic Perfect

From pūj (10th class root) + āmāsa (auxiliary verb as in perfect tense)

Root: pūj (class 10)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bharata (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bharata)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

From Bharata with aṇ suffix

Root: bhṛ

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (the son of Ganga and Shantanu) (Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name)

धर्मभृताम् (dharmabhṛtām) - of the upholders of natural law (dharma)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dharmabhṛt

dharmabhṛt - upholder of natural law, supporter of righteousness

Compound: dharma + bhṛt (from root bhṛ, to bear/uphold)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+bhṛt)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ
• bhṛt – bearing, upholding, supporting
  adjective
  Agent noun from root bhṛ (to bear)
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - the most excellent (among the upholders of dharma) (best, foremost, most excellent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief, principal

Superlative of praśasya (excellent) or śrī (beauty/wealth)

Note: Qualifies Bhishma

विधिदृष्टेन (vidhidṛṣṭena) - by means prescribed by scriptural injunctions (by what is seen/ordained by rule/law, according to injunctions)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vidhidṛṣṭa

vidhidṛṣṭa - prescribed by rule, sanctioned by law, customary

Compound: vidhi + dṛṣṭa (seen/ordained by rule)

Compound type : tatpurusha (vidhi+dṛṣṭa)

• vidhi – rule, injunction, procedure, destiny
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• dṛṣṭa – seen, observed, ordained, prescribed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies karmaṇā

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by rites (sacred actions) (by action, by ritual, by deed)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, ritual, work, fate (karma)

From root kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to the sacred acts of worship

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