महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-80, verse-39

अनुपोष्य त्रिरात्राणि तीर्थान्यनभिगम्य च ।
अदत्त्वा काञ्चनं गाश्च दरिद्रो नाम जायते ॥३९॥

39. anupoṣya trirātrāṇi tīrthānyanabhigamya ca ,
adattvā kāñcanaṁ gāśca daridro nāma jāyate.

39. anupoṣya trirātrāṇi tīrthāni anabhigamya ca
adattvā kāñcanam gāḥ ca daridraḥ nāma jāyate

39. Indeed, one is born poor who has not fasted for three nights, has not visited holy places, and has not given gold and cows.

Words meanings summery:

• अनुपोष्य (anupoṣya) - without fasting, without observing a vow

• त्रिरात्राणि (trirātrāṇi) - for three nights (three nights)

• तीर्थानि (tīrthāni) - holy places, sacred bathing places

• अनभिगम्य (anabhigamya) - without visiting, without approaching

• च (ca) - and

• अदत्त्वा (adattvā) - without giving

• काञ्चनम् (kāñcanam) - gold

• गाः (gāḥ) - cows

• च (ca) - and

• दरिद्रः (daridraḥ) - a poor person (poor, indigent)

• नाम (nāma) - indeed, verily (name, indeed, verily)

• जायते (jāyate) - is born (as a poor person) (is born, becomes)

Words meanings and morphology

अनुपोष्य (anupoṣya) - without fasting, without observing a vow

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Negated absolutive from anu-upa-√vas (to fast)

Prefixes: anu+upa

Root: vas (class 1)

त्रिरात्राणि (trirātrāṇi) - for three nights (three nights)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of trirātra

trirātra - a period of three nights

Compound type : dvigu (tri+rātra)

• tri – three
  numeral
• rātra – night
  noun (neuter)

Note: Duration is in accusative case.

तीर्थानि (tīrthāni) - holy places, sacred bathing places

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of tīrtha

tīrtha - ford, bathing place, sacred place, holy place

Root: tṛ (class 1)

अनभिगम्य (anabhigamya) - without visiting, without approaching

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Negated absolutive from an-abhi-√gam

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अदत्त्वा (adattvā) - without giving

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Negated absolutive from a-√dā

Root: dā (class 3)

काञ्चनम् (kāñcanam) - gold

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāñcana

kāñcana - gold, golden

गाः (gāḥ) - cows

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

Note: Accusative plural of go.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

दरिद्रः (daridraḥ) - a poor person (poor, indigent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daridra

daridra - poor, indigent, needy

Note: Used as a substantive noun here.

नाम (nāma) - indeed, verily (name, indeed, verily)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an adverbial particle to emphasize.

जायते (jāyate) - is born (as a poor person) (is born, becomes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

Present 3rd singular middle voice of √jan (class 4)

Root: jan (class 4)