महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-110, verse-87

एकविंशे तु दिवसे यो भुङ्क्ते ह्येकभोजनम् ।
सदा द्वादश मासान्वै जुह्वानो जातवेदसम् ॥८७॥

87. ekaviṁśe tu divase yo bhuṅkte hyekabhojanam ,
sadā dvādaśa māsānvai juhvāno jātavedasam.

87. ekaviṃśe tu divase yaḥ bhuṅkte hi ekabhojanam
sadā dvādaśa māsān vai juhvānaḥ jātavedasam

87. yaḥ ekaviṃśe divase tu hi ekabhojanam bhuṅkte
dvādaśa māsān sadā vai jātavedasam juhvānaḥ

87. One who, on the twenty-first day, eats only a single meal and who, for twelve months, consistently offers Vedic fire rituals (homa) to Agni (jātavedas).

Words meanings summery:

• एकविंशे (ekaviṁśe) - on the twenty-first

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• दिवसे (divase) - on the day

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which (relative pronoun)

• भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - he eats, he enjoys

• हि (hi) - surely, indeed, because

• एकभोजनम् (ekabhojanam) - one meal (a day)

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

• द्वादश (dvādaśa) - twelve

• मासान् (māsān) - months

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

• जुह्वानः (juhvānaḥ) - performing a homa (Vedic fire ritual) (offering, performing Vedic fire rituals)

• जातवेदसम् (jātavedasam) - to Agni, the fire god, who is omniscient or possesses all wealth (to Agni (the fire god), to one who knows all beings)

Words meanings and morphology

एकविंशे (ekaviṁśe) - on the twenty-first

(numeral)

Compound type : dvandva (eka+viṃśa)

• eka – one
  numeral (masculine)
• viṃśa – twentieth
  numeral (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'divase'

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

दिवसे (divase) - on the day

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of divasa

divasa - day

यः (yaḥ) - who, which (relative pronoun)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - he eats, he enjoys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of √bhuj

Root: bhuj (class 7)

हि (hi) - surely, indeed, because

(indeclinable)

एकभोजनम् (ekabhojanam) - one meal (a day)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ekabhojana

ekabhojana - one meal, single meal

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (eka+bhojana)

• eka – one, single
  numeral (neuter)
• bhojana – eating, food, meal
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from the root √bhuj (to eat)
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Object of 'bhuṅkte'

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

(indeclinable)

द्वादश (dvādaśa) - twelve

(numeral)

Note: Modifies 'māsān'

मासान् (māsān) - months

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of māsa

māsa - month

Note: Denotes duration

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

जुह्वानः (juhvānaḥ) - performing a homa (Vedic fire ritual) (offering, performing Vedic fire rituals)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of juhvāna

juhvāna - offering, sacrificing, performing fire rituals

Present Active Participle

From the root √hu (to offer, sacrifice), reduplicated present stem

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'yaḥ'

जातवेदसम् (jātavedasam) - to Agni, the fire god, who is omniscient or possesses all wealth (to Agni (the fire god), to one who knows all beings)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jātavedas

jātavedas - Agni, one who knows all born things, one who possesses all wealth

Compound type : bahuvrīhi or tatpuruṣa (jāta+vedas)

• jāta – born, produced
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• vedas – knowledge, wealth, property
  noun (neuter)
  From √vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Object of offering (implied by 'juhvānaḥ')