महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-110, verse-77

अष्टादशे तु दिवसे प्राश्नीयादेकभोजनम् ।
सदा द्वादश मासान्वै सप्त लोकान्स पश्यति ॥७७॥

77. aṣṭādaśe tu divase prāśnīyādekabhojanam ,
sadā dvādaśa māsānvai sapta lokānsa paśyati.

77. aṣṭādaśe tu divase prāśnīyāt ekabhojanam sadā
dvādaśa māsān vai sapta lokān saḥ paśyati

77. tu aṣṭādaśe divase ekabhojanam prāśnīyāt sadā
dvādaśa māsān vai saḥ sapta lokān paśyati

77. However, on the eighteenth day, one should eat only a single meal. Indeed, by always observing this for twelve months, he sees the seven worlds.

Words meanings summery:

• अष्टादशे (aṣṭādaśe) - on the eighteenth, in the eighteenth

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, then

• दिवसे (divase) - on the day, in the day

• प्राश्नीयात् (prāśnīyāt) - one should eat, he should eat, may eat

• एकभोजनम् (ekabhojanam) - a single meal, one meal

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• द्वादश (dvādaśa) - twelve

• मासान् (māsān) - months

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• सप्त (sapta) - seven

• लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, realms

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• पश्यति (paśyati) - he sees, perceives

Words meanings and morphology

अष्टादशे (aṣṭādaśe) - on the eighteenth, in the eighteenth

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of aṣṭādaśa

aṣṭādaśa - eighteenth

Note: Agrees with divase (masculine locative singular)

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, then

(indeclinable)

दिवसे (divase) - on the day, in the day

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of divasa

divasa - day

प्राश्नीयात् (prāśnīyāt) - one should eat, he should eat, may eat

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of pra-aś

optative mood

3rd person singular, active voice, optative mood

Prefix: pra

Root: aś (class 9)

एकभोजनम् (ekabhojanam) - a single meal, one meal

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ekabhojana

ekabhojana - a single meal

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+bhojana)

• eka – one, single
  numeral
• bhojana – meal, eating
  noun (neuter)
  nominalization
  derived from root bhuj (to eat)
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

द्वादश (dvādaśa) - twelve

(adjective)

Accusative, plural of dvādaśa

dvādaśa - twelve

Note: Agrees with māsān

मासान् (māsān) - months

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of māsa

māsa - month

Note: Indicates duration

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

सप्त (sapta) - seven

(adjective)

Accusative, plural of sapta

sapta - seven

Note: Agrees with lokān

लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, realms

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he/she/it

पश्यति (paśyati) - he sees, perceives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

present indicative

3rd person singular, active voice, present tense

Root: dṛś (class 1)