महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-13, chapter-110, verse-11
सत्यवाग्दानशीलश्च ब्रह्मण्यश्चानसूयकः ।
क्षान्तो दान्तो जितक्रोधः स गच्छति परां गतिम् ॥११॥
क्षान्तो दान्तो जितक्रोधः स गच्छति परां गतिम् ॥११॥
11. satyavāgdānaśīlaśca brahmaṇyaścānasūyakaḥ ,
kṣānto dānto jitakrodhaḥ sa gacchati parāṁ gatim.
kṣānto dānto jitakrodhaḥ sa gacchati parāṁ gatim.
11.
satya-vāk-dāna-śīlaḥ ca brahmaṇyaḥ ca anasūyakaḥ
kṣāntaḥ dāntaḥ jita-krodhaḥ sa gacchati parām gatim
kṣāntaḥ dāntaḥ jita-krodhaḥ sa gacchati parām gatim
11.
saḥ satya-vāk-dāna-śīlaḥ ca brahmaṇyaḥ ca anasūyakaḥ
kṣāntaḥ dāntaḥ jita-krodhaḥ parām gatim gacchati
kṣāntaḥ dāntaḥ jita-krodhaḥ parām gatim gacchati
11.
Whoever is truthful in speech, charitable (dāna), pious, not envious, patient, self-controlled, and has conquered anger—that person attains the supreme state.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सत्य-वाक्-दान-शीलः (satya-vāk-dāna-śīlaḥ) - truthful in speech, charitable (dāna) (of truthful speech and charitable nature)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- ब्रह्मण्यः (brahmaṇyaḥ) - pious (pious, devoted to Brahmins/sacred knowledge)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- अनसूयकः (anasūyakaḥ) - not envious (not envious, not malicious, not fault-finding)
- क्षान्तः (kṣāntaḥ) - patient (patient, forbearing, endured)
- दान्तः (dāntaḥ) - self-controlled (self-controlled, subdued, restrained)
- जित-क्रोधः (jita-krodhaḥ) - has conquered anger (one who has conquered anger)
- स (sa) - that person (referring to the qualities listed) (he, that)
- गच्छति (gacchati) - attains (goes, attains, reaches)
- पराम् (parām) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate)
- गतिम् (gatim) - state (state, destination, path, course)
Words meanings and morphology
सत्य-वाक्-दान-शीलः (satya-vāk-dāna-śīlaḥ) - truthful in speech, charitable (dāna) (of truthful speech and charitable nature)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of satya-vāk-dāna-śīla
satya-vāk-dāna-śīla - one whose nature is to speak truth and give charity
Complex compound of descriptive qualities.
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+vāc+dāna+śīla)
- satya – truth, true, real
noun/adjective (neuter)
Root: as (class 2) - vāc – speech, word, voice
noun (feminine)
Root: vac (class 2) - dāna – gift, giving, charity
noun (neuter)
From root dā (to give) + ana suffix.
Root: dā (class 3) - śīla – nature, character, habit, conduct
noun (neuter)
Root: śīl (class 1)
Note: Qualifies the implied subject saḥ.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
ब्रह्मण्यः (brahmaṇyaḥ) - pious (pious, devoted to Brahmins/sacred knowledge)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmaṇya
brahmaṇya - pious, sacred, devoted to Brahmins, favorable to the sacred lore (brahman)
From brahman (sacred knowledge, priest).
Note: Qualifies the implied subject.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
अनसूयकः (anasūyakaḥ) - not envious (not envious, not malicious, not fault-finding)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anasūyaka
anasūyaka - not envious, not fault-finding, not malicious
Negative prefix an- + asūyaka.
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+asūyaka)
- an – not, non-
prefix - asūyaka – envious, fault-finder
adjective (masculine)
From root asūy (to envy, to grumble) + aka suffix.
Root: asūy (class 10)
Note: Qualifies the implied subject.
क्षान्तः (kṣāntaḥ) - patient (patient, forbearing, endured)
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣānta
kṣānta - patient, forbearing, calm, endured
Past Passive Participle
From root kṣam (to be patient, to endure) + kta suffix.
Root: kṣam (class 1)
Note: Used as an adjective here.
दान्तः (dāntaḥ) - self-controlled (self-controlled, subdued, restrained)
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dānta
dānta - self-controlled, subdued, restrained, tamed
Past Passive Participle
From root dam (to tame, to control) + kta suffix.
Root: dam (class 4)
Note: Used as an adjective here.
जित-क्रोधः (jita-krodhaḥ) - has conquered anger (one who has conquered anger)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jita-krodha
jita-krodha - one who has conquered anger
Compound.
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jita+krodha)
- jita – conquered, vanquished
adjective (past passive participle) (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root ji (to conquer) + kta suffix.
Root: ji (class 1) - krodha – anger, wrath
noun (masculine)
From root krudh (to be angry) + gha suffix.
Root: krudh (class 4)
Note: Qualifies the implied subject.
स (sa) - that person (referring to the qualities listed) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)
Note: Refers to the subject implied by the adjectives.
गच्छति (gacchati) - attains (goes, attains, reaches)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of gam
present indicative, 3rd person singular
Root gam (1st class) with gaccha stem.
Root: gam (class 1)
पराम् (parām) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of para
para - supreme, highest, ultimate, other, distant
Note: Qualifies gatim.
गतिम् (gatim) - state (state, destination, path, course)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of gati
gati - going, movement, path, state, destination, course, means
From root gam (to go) + ti suffix.
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Object of gacchati.