महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-110, verse-90

द्वाविंशे दिवसे प्राप्ते यो भुङ्क्ते ह्येकभोजनम् ।
सदा द्वादश मासान्वै जुह्वानो जातवेदसम् ॥९०॥

90. dvāviṁśe divase prāpte yo bhuṅkte hyekabhojanam ,
sadā dvādaśa māsānvai juhvāno jātavedasam.

90. dvāviṃśe divase prāpte yaḥ bhuṅkte hi ekabhojanam
sadā dvādaśa māsān vai juhvānaḥ jātavedasam

90. yaḥ dvāviṃśe divase prāpte hi ekabhojanam bhuṅkte
sadā dvādaśa māsān vai jātavedasam juhvānaḥ

90. The one who, on the twenty-second day, indeed partakes of a single meal, constantly for twelve months, while offering oblations to the fire (jātavedas).

Words meanings summery:

• द्वाविंशे (dvāviṁśe) - on the twenty-second (day) (on the twenty-second)

• दिवसे (divase) - on the specific day (of the month) (on the day)

• प्राप्ते (prāpte) - when the day has arrived or is reached (having arrived, obtained, reached)

• यः (yaḥ) - the one who (who, which)

• भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - eats, consumes, partakes of (enjoys, eats, partakes)

• हि (hi) - indeed, truly (an emphatic particle) (indeed, for, because, certainly)

• एकभोजनम् (ekabhojanam) - only one meal (per day) (a single meal, one meal)

• सदा (sadā) - continuously (always, constantly, perpetually)

• द्वादश (dvādaśa) - for twelve (twelve)

• मासान् (māsān) - for a period of months (months)

• वै (vai) - an emphatic particle, 'indeed' (verily, indeed, surely)

• जुह्वानः (juhvānaḥ) - offering oblations into the fire (offering oblations, sacrificing)

• जातवेदसम् (jātavedasam) - to the god of fire, Agni (jātavedas) (to the fire, to Agni)

Words meanings and morphology

द्वाविंशे (dvāviṁśe) - on the twenty-second (day) (on the twenty-second)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of dvāviṃśa

dvāviṁśa - twenty-second

Ordinal number from 'dvi' (two) + 'viṃśati' (twenty)

Note: Agrees with 'divase'.

दिवसे (divase) - on the specific day (of the month) (on the day)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of divasa

divasa - day

Root: div (class 1)

प्राप्ते (prāpte) - when the day has arrived or is reached (having arrived, obtained, reached)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - reached, obtained, arrived, attained

Past Passive Participle

From 'pra' + 'āp' (to obtain)

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'divase'.

यः (yaḥ) - the one who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ya

ya - who, which, what

Relative pronoun

Note: Subject of the clause.

भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - eats, consumes, partakes of (enjoys, eats, partakes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhuj

Present Middle Indicative

3rd person singular, present tense, middle voice

Root: bhuj (class 7)

हि (hi) - indeed, truly (an emphatic particle) (indeed, for, because, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic or causal particle

एकभोजनम् (ekabhojanam) - only one meal (per day) (a single meal, one meal)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ekabhojana

ekabhojana - a single meal, one meal

Compound

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+bhojana)

• eka – one, single, alone
  numeral (masculine)
• bhojana – eating, food, meal
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'bhuj' (to eat)
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Object of 'bhuṅkte'.

सदा (sadā) - continuously (always, constantly, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

Temporal adverb

Note: Modifies 'juhvānaḥ'.

द्वादश (dvādaśa) - for twelve (twelve)

(numeral)

Compound type : dvandva (dvi+daśa)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• daśa – ten
  numeral

Note: Acts as an adjective for 'months'.

मासान् (māsān) - for a period of months (months)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of māsa

māsa - month

Note: Accusative of duration of time.

वै (vai) - an emphatic particle, 'indeed' (verily, indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

जुह्वानः (juhvānaḥ) - offering oblations into the fire (offering oblations, sacrificing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of juhvāna

juhvāna - offering oblations, sacrificing

Present Middle Participle

From root 'hu' (to offer, to sacrifice), Intensive (re-duplicated) stem. 'śānac' suffix.

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'yaḥ'.

जातवेदसम् (jātavedasam) - to the god of fire, Agni (jātavedas) (to the fire, to Agni)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jātavedas

jātavedas - 'knowing all born creatures', an epithet of Agni (fire god), fire

Compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jāta+vedas)

• jāta – born, produced, existing
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'jan' (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• vedas – knowledge, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'vid' (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Object of 'juhvānaḥ'.