महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-110, verse-13

तृतीये दिवसे यस्तु प्राश्नीयादेकभोजनम् ।
सदा द्वादशमासांस्तु जुह्वानो जातवेदसम् ॥१३॥

13. tṛtīye divase yastu prāśnīyādekabhojanam ,
sadā dvādaśamāsāṁstu juhvāno jātavedasam.

13. tṛtīye divase yaḥ tu prāśnīyāt ekabhojanam
sadā dvādaśamāsān tu juhvānaḥ jātavedasam

13. yaḥ tu tṛtīye divase ekabhojanam prāśnīyāt
sadā dvādaśamāsān tu jātavedasam juhvānaḥ

13. Whoever eats only one meal on the third day, and who continuously offers oblations to Agni (jātavedas) for twelve months...

Words meanings summery:

• तृतीये (tṛtīye) - on the third

• दिवसे (divase) - on the day

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, however

• प्राश्नीयात् (prāśnīyāt) - should eat, may eat

• एकभोजनम् (ekabhojanam) - one meal

• सदा (sadā) - always, continuously

• द्वादशमासान् (dvādaśamāsān) - for twelve months

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, however

• जुह्वानः (juhvānaḥ) - offering oblations, sacrificing

• जातवेदसम् (jātavedasam) - to Agni (the fire god) (to Agni, to the fire god)

Words meanings and morphology

तृतीये (tṛtīye) - on the third

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of tṛtīya

tṛtīya - third, a third part

दिवसे (divase) - on the day

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of divasa

divasa - day

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

तु (tu) - indeed, but, however

(indeclinable)

प्राश्नीयात् (prāśnīyāt) - should eat, may eat

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of pra-aś

Prefix: pra

Root: aś (class 9)

एकभोजनम् (ekabhojanam) - one meal

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ekabhojana

ekabhojana - one meal, single meal

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+bhojana)

• eka – one, single, alone
  numeral (masculine)
• bhojana – eating, meal, food
  noun (neuter)
  agent noun/action noun
  Derived from root √bhuj (to eat, enjoy)
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

सदा (sadā) - always, continuously

(indeclinable)

द्वादशमासान् (dvādaśamāsān) - for twelve months

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dvādaśamāsa

dvādaśamāsa - a twelvemonth, a period of twelve months

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dvādaśa+māsa)

• dvādaśa – twelve
  numeral
• māsa – month
  noun (masculine)

तु (tu) - indeed, but, however

(indeclinable)

जुह्वानः (juhvānaḥ) - offering oblations, sacrificing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of juhvāna

juhvāna - offering, sacrificing, one who offers

Present Active Participle (ātmanepada form from Parasmaipada root)

Derived from root √hu (to offer, sacrifice), 3rd class verb, active voice (Parasmaipada) in form, but here takes an ātmanepada-like ending (śānac affix).

Root: hu (class 3)

जातवेदसम् (jātavedasam) - to Agni (the fire god) (to Agni, to the fire god)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jātavedas

jātavedas - possessing wealth, knowing all created things, fire, Agni