महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-107, verse-90

समानमेकपङ्क्त्यां तु भोज्यमन्नं नरेश्वर ।
विषं हालाहलं भुङ्क्ते योऽप्रदाय सुहृज्जने ॥९०॥

90. samānamekapaṅktyāṁ tu bhojyamannaṁ nareśvara ,
viṣaṁ hālāhalaṁ bhuṅkte yo'pradāya suhṛjjane.

90. samānam ekapaṅktyām tu bhojyam annam nareśvara
viṣam hālāhalam bhuṅkte yaḥ apradāya suhṛjjane

90. nareśvara yaḥ ekapaṅktyām samānam bhojyam annam
suhṛjjane apradāya tu hālāhalam viṣam bhuṅkte

90. O lord of men, one who eats the same food in a common line without offering it to his well-wishers, indeed consumes deadly poison (hālāhalam).

Words meanings summery:

• समानम् (samānam) - the same, equal, common

• एकपङ्क्त्याम् (ekapaṅktyām) - in the same line/row, in a common meal

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• भोज्यम् (bhojyam) - to be eaten, edible, food

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, cooked rice

• नरेश्वर (nareśvara) - O lord of men, O king

• विषम् (viṣam) - poison, venom

• हालाहलम् (hālāhalam) - deadly poison (from the ocean churning myth)

• भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - eats, consumes

• यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

• अप्रदाय (apradāya) - without giving, without offering

• सुहृज्जने (suhṛjjane) - to a friend, to a well-wisher

Words meanings and morphology

समानम् (samānam) - the same, equal, common

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samāna

samāna - same, equal, similar, common

Compound sa (with) + māna (measure/mind).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sa+māna)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• māna – measure, honor, respect
  noun (masculine)
  From root mā (to measure).
  Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies annam.

एकपङ्क्त्याम् (ekapaṅktyām) - in the same line/row, in a common meal

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of ekapaṅkti

ekapaṅkti - a single line, a common row (for eating)

Compound eka (one) + paṅkti (row).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+paṅkti)

• eka – one, single, common
  numeral (masculine)
• paṅkti – row, line, series
  noun (feminine)

Note: Refers to the context of eating.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Particle.

भोज्यम् (bhojyam) - to be eaten, edible, food

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhojya

bhojya - to be eaten, edible, suitable for food

gerundive/potential passive participle

From root bhuj (to eat) + suffix ṇyat.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies annam.

अन्नम् (annam) - food, cooked rice

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, cooked rice, grain

Past passive participle of ad (to eat) used as a noun.

Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Object of implied eating.

नरेश्वर (nareśvara) - O lord of men, O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nareśvara

nareśvara - lord of men, king, prince

Compound nara (man) + īśvara (lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+īśvara)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• īśvara – lord, master, controller
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś

विषम् (viṣam) - poison, venom

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viṣa

viṣa - poison, venom, bane

Root: viṣ (class 3)

Note: Object of bhuṅkte.

हालाहलम् (hālāhalam) - deadly poison (from the ocean churning myth)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hālāhala

hālāhala - a kind of deadly poison, specifically the one that arose from the churning of the ocean by gods and asuras, consumed by Shiva.

Note: Emphasizes the severity of the poison, acts as an appositive to viṣam.

भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - eats, consumes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhuj

present indicative

From root bhuj, 7th class, present 3rd person singular ātmanepada.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Subject of bhuṅkte.

अप्रदाय (apradāya) - without giving, without offering

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Negative gerund: a (not) + pra + dā + lyap.

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

सुहृज्जने (suhṛjjane) - to a friend, to a well-wisher

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of suhṛjjan

suhṛjjan - a friend, a well-wisher, a kinsman

Compound su (good) + hṛd (heart) + jana (person).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (suhṛd+jana)

• suhṛd – friend, well-wisher, kind-hearted
  noun (masculine)
  From su (good) + hṛd (heart).
• jana – person, people, man
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Indicates to whom the food should be given.