महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-107, verse-66

नित्यमग्निं परिचरेद्भिक्षां दद्याच्च नित्यदा ।
वाग्यतो दन्तकाष्ठं च नित्यमेव समाचरेत् ।
न चाभ्युदितशायी स्यात्प्रायश्चित्ती तथा भवेत् ॥६६॥

66. nityamagniṁ paricaredbhikṣāṁ dadyācca nityadā ,
vāgyato dantakāṣṭhaṁ ca nityameva samācaret ,
na cābhyuditaśāyī syātprāyaścittī tathā bhavet.

66. nityam agnim paricaret bhikṣām dadyāt
ca nityadā vāgyataḥ dantakāṣṭham ca
nityam eva samācaret na ca abhyuditaśāyī
syāt prāyaścittī tathā bhavet

66. nityam agnim paricaret nityadā bhikṣām
ca dadyāt vāgyataḥ dantakāṣṭham ca
nityam eva samācaret na ca abhyuditaśāyī
syāt tathā prāyaścittī bhavet

66. One should constantly attend to the sacred fire (agni) and always offer alms. With controlled speech, one should always use a tooth-stick. One should not remain sleeping after sunrise; otherwise, one would become liable for expiation.

Words meanings summery:

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, regularly (in the performance of duties) (constantly, always, perpetually)

• अग्निम् (agnim) - the sacred sacrificial fire maintained for rituals (fire, sacrificial fire, god of fire)

• परिचरेत् (paricaret) - one should attend to or maintain (the sacred fire) through worship and offerings (one should attend to, one should serve, one should honor)

• भिक्षाम् (bhikṣām) - alms or charitable gifts given to the needy (alms, begging, charity)

• दद्यात् (dadyāt) - one should give (alms as a duty) (one should give)

• च (ca) - and (connecting the actions of attending fire and giving alms) (and, also)

• नित्यदा (nityadā) - always, regularly (always, constantly)

• वाग्यतः (vāgyataḥ) - being self-controlled in speech, observing silence or careful speech (one whose speech is restrained, silent)

• दन्तकाष्ठम् (dantakāṣṭham) - a twig or stick specifically used for oral hygiene (brushing teeth) (tooth-stick, twig used for cleaning teeth)

• च (ca) - and (connecting the action of using a tooth-stick) (and, also)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, regularly (constantly, always, perpetually)

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (emphasizing the regularity of the action) (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• समाचरेत् (samācaret) - one should practice or use (the tooth-stick) (one should perform, one should practice, one should act)

• न (na) - negation, indicating prohibition (not, no)

• च (ca) - and, also (connecting the clauses, here implying 'and not') (and, also)

• अभ्युदितशायी (abhyuditaśāyī) - someone who remains asleep after the sun has risen (one who sleeps until or after sunrise)

• स्यात् (syāt) - one should be, one would be (in a state of being asleep after sunrise) (may be, should be, would be)

• प्रायश्चित्ती (prāyaścittī) - liable for expiation or penance due to a transgression (one who has to perform expiation, a penitent)

• तथा (tathā) - in that case, consequently (indicating the result of the previous action) (thus, in that manner, so, therefore)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - one would become (liable for expiation) (one should be, one would become)

Words meanings and morphology

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, regularly (in the performance of duties) (constantly, always, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

अग्निम् (agnim) - the sacred sacrificial fire maintained for rituals (fire, sacrificial fire, god of fire)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire; the god of fire; sacrificial fire

परिचरेत् (paricaret) - one should attend to or maintain (the sacred fire) through worship and offerings (one should attend to, one should serve, one should honor)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of paricar

Optative

Third person singular active optative from √car (to move, go) with prefix pari.

Prefix: pari

Root: √car (class 1)

भिक्षाम् (bhikṣām) - alms or charitable gifts given to the needy (alms, begging, charity)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhikṣā

bhikṣā - alms, begging, asking, charity

दद्यात् (dadyāt) - one should give (alms as a duty) (one should give)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of dā

Optative

Third person singular active optative from √dā (to give).

Root: √dā (class 3)

च (ca) - and (connecting the actions of attending fire and giving alms) (and, also)

(indeclinable)

नित्यदा (nityadā) - always, regularly (always, constantly)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of nitya.

वाग्यतः (vāgyataḥ) - being self-controlled in speech, observing silence or careful speech (one whose speech is restrained, silent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāgyata

vāgyata - controlling speech, self-controlled in speech, silent

Compound of vāc (speech) and yata (restrained, past participle of √yam).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vāc+yata)

• vāc – speech, voice, word
  noun (feminine)
• yata – restrained, controlled, disciplined
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √yam (to restrain, control).
  Root: √yam (class 1)

Note: Describes the implied subject 'one'.

दन्तकाष्ठम् (dantakāṣṭham) - a twig or stick specifically used for oral hygiene (brushing teeth) (tooth-stick, twig used for cleaning teeth)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dantakāṣṭha

dantakāṣṭha - tooth-stick, a twig used for cleaning teeth

Compound of danta (tooth) and kāṣṭha (wood, stick).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (danta+kāṣṭha)

• danta – tooth, tusk
  noun (masculine)
• kāṣṭha – wood, piece of wood, stick
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of samācaret.

च (ca) - and (connecting the action of using a tooth-stick) (and, also)

(indeclinable)

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, regularly (constantly, always, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (emphasizing the regularity of the action) (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

समाचरेत् (samācaret) - one should practice or use (the tooth-stick) (one should perform, one should practice, one should act)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of samācar

Optative

Third person singular active optative from √car (to move, go) with prefixes sam and ā.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: √car (class 1)

न (na) - negation, indicating prohibition (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also (connecting the clauses, here implying 'and not') (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अभ्युदितशायी (abhyuditaśāyī) - someone who remains asleep after the sun has risen (one who sleeps until or after sunrise)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyuditaśāyin

abhyuditaśāyin - sleeping till or after sunrise

Compound of abhi + udita (risen, past participle of √i with ud) + śāyin (sleeping, agent noun from √śī).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abhi+udita+śāyin)

• abhi – towards, against, over
  indeclinable
• udita – risen, appeared, spoken
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √i (to go) with prefix ud (up).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: √i (class 2)
• śāyin – sleeping, lying down, resting
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from √śī (to lie, sleep) with suffix ṇini.
  Root: √śī (class 2)

Note: Predicative use with syāt.

स्यात् (syāt) - one should be, one would be (in a state of being asleep after sunrise) (may be, should be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of as

Optative

Third person singular active optative from √as (to be).

Root: √as (class 2)

प्रायश्चित्ती (prāyaścittī) - liable for expiation or penance due to a transgression (one who has to perform expiation, a penitent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāyaścittin

prāyaścittin - one who performs expiation, liable to penance, a penitent

Derived from prāyaścitta (expiation, penance) with suffix in.

Note: Predicative use with bhavet.

तथा (tathā) - in that case, consequently (indicating the result of the previous action) (thus, in that manner, so, therefore)

(indeclinable)

भवेत् (bhavet) - one would become (liable for expiation) (one should be, one would become)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Optative

Third person singular active optative from √bhū (to be, become).

Root: √bhū (class 1)