महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-107, verse-104

सर्वशौचेषु ब्राह्मेण तीर्थेन समुपस्पृशेत् ।
निष्ठीव्य तु तथा क्षुत्वा स्पृश्यापो हि शुचिर्भवेत् ॥१०४॥

104. sarvaśauceṣu brāhmeṇa tīrthena samupaspṛśet ,
niṣṭhīvya tu tathā kṣutvā spṛśyāpo hi śucirbhavet.

104. sarvaśauceṣu brāhmeṇa tīrthena samupaspṛśet
niṣṭhīvya tu tathā kṣutvā spṛśya āpaḥ hi śuciḥ bhavet

104. sarvaśauceṣu brāhmeṇa tīrthena samupaspṛśet tu
tathā niṣṭhīvya kṣutvā hi āpaḥ spṛśya śuciḥ bhavet

104. In all acts of purification (śauca), one should perform ablution using the brahminical method (brāhmaṇa tīrtha). Indeed, after spitting, or similarly after sneezing, one should touch water to become ritually pure.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वशौचेषु (sarvaśauceṣu) - in all purifications, in all acts of purification

• ब्राह्मेण (brāhmeṇa) - by the brahminical (brāhmaṇa) method (by the brahminical, by the divine (method))

• तीर्थेन (tīrthena) - by the appropriate means or sacred method (tīrtha) (by the sacred spot, by the appropriate means, by the sacred method)

• समुपस्पृशेत् (samupaspṛśet) - one should touch (water), one should purify oneself by touching (water)

• निष्ठीव्य (niṣṭhīvya) - having spat

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, and

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus

• क्षुत्वा (kṣutvā) - having sneezed

• स्पृश्य (spṛśya) - having touched water for purification (having touched)

• आपः (āpaḥ) - water (accusative plural)

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, because

• शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may become, should become, becomes

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वशौचेषु (sarvaśauceṣu) - in all purifications, in all acts of purification

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sarvaśauca

sarvaśauca - all purity, complete purification

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+śauca)

• sarva – all, every, complete
  adjective (masculine)
• śauca – purity, purification, cleanliness
  noun (neuter)

ब्राह्मेण (brāhmeṇa) - by the brahminical (brāhmaṇa) method (by the brahminical, by the divine (method))

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of brāhma

brāhma - relating to Brahman, brahminical, divine

derived from brahman (neuter) or brāhmaṇa (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'tīrthena'. Refers to a specific way of purifying (e.g., using the Brahma-tīrtha of the hand).

तीर्थेन (tīrthena) - by the appropriate means or sacred method (tīrtha) (by the sacred spot, by the appropriate means, by the sacred method)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tīrtha

tīrtha - ford, sacred bathing-place, appropriate spot/means, method

Note: Here, indicating the specific ritual method of purification, particularly ācamana from the Brahma-tīrtha.

समुपस्पृशेत् (samupaspṛśet) - one should touch (water), one should purify oneself by touching (water)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of samupaspṛś

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Often refers to the ritual touching/sipping of water for purification.

निष्ठीव्य (niṣṭhīvya) - having spat

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed from nis-ṭhīv (to spit) + -ya suffix

Prefix: nis

Root: ṭhīv (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, and

(indeclinable)

Note: Can be used as a particle indicating continuation or slight contrast.

तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to similar situations requiring purification.

क्षुत्वा (kṣutvā) - having sneezed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed from kṣu (to sneeze) + -tvā suffix

Root: kṣu (class 2)

स्पृश्य (spṛśya) - having touched water for purification (having touched)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed from spṛś (to touch) + -ya suffix

Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Implies touching water for purification.

आपः (āpaḥ) - water (accusative plural)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

Note: Object of 'spṛśya'.

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the certainty of purification.

शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, bright

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (e.g., naraḥ).

भवेत् (bhavet) - may become, should become, becomes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)