महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-107, verse-53

उपानहौ च वस्त्रं च धृतमन्यैर्न धारयेत् ।
ब्रह्मचारी च नित्यं स्यात्पादं पादेन नाक्रमेत् ॥५३॥

53. upānahau ca vastraṁ ca dhṛtamanyairna dhārayet ,
brahmacārī ca nityaṁ syātpādaṁ pādena nākramet.

53. upānahau ca vastram ca dhṛtam anyaiḥ na dhārayet
brahmacārī ca nityam syāt pādam pādena na ākramet

53. brahmacārī anyaiḥ dhṛtam upānahau ca vastram ca na
dhārayet ca nityam syāt pādam pādena na ākramet

53. A student (brahmacārin) should not wear sandals or clothes that have been used by others. He should always maintain strict adherence to his vows and should not step on another's foot with his own.

Words meanings summery:

• उपानहौ (upānahau) - sandals, shoes

• च (ca) - and

• वस्त्रम् (vastram) - clothes, garment

• च (ca) - and

• धृतम् (dhṛtam) - worn, held

• अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others

• न (na) - not

• धारयेत् (dhārayet) - should wear, should hold

• ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a student (brahmacārin), one observing celibacy

• च (ca) - and

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

• स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be

• पादम् (pādam) - foot

• पादेन (pādena) - by the foot, with the foot

• न (na) - not

• आक्रमेत् (ākramet) - should step on, should overcome

Words meanings and morphology

उपानहौ (upānahau) - sandals, shoes

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, dual of upānah

upānah - sandal, shoe

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वस्त्रम् (vastram) - clothes, garment

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vastra

vastra - garment, clothing, cloth

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

धृतम् (dhṛtam) - worn, held

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhṛta

dhṛta - held, worn, borne, supported

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √dhṛ (to hold, wear).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vastram' and implies objects for 'upānahau'.

अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

धारयेत् (dhārayet) - should wear, should hold

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of dhāray

Causal formation of √dhṛ

Root √dhṛ (class 1, parasm. dhārati) in its causal form.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a student (brahmacārin), one observing celibacy

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmacārin

brahmacārin - a Vedic student, one who observes a vow of chastity (brahmacarya)

Compound of brahman (sacred knowledge) and cārin (one who practices).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+cārin)

• brahman – sacred knowledge, Veda, ultimate reality (brahman)
  noun (neuter)
• cārin – moving, wandering, practicing, observing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from √car (to move, to practice).
  Root: car (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

पादम् (pādam) - foot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāda

pāda - foot, leg, quarter

पादेन (pādena) - by the foot, with the foot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāda

pāda - foot, leg, quarter

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आक्रमेत् (ākramet) - should step on, should overcome

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of ākram

Prefix: ā

Root: kram (class 1)