महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-107, verse-30

त्रीणि तेजांसि नोच्छिष्ट आलभेत कदाचन ।
अग्निं गां ब्राह्मणं चैव तथास्यायुर्न रिष्यते ॥३०॥

30. trīṇi tejāṁsi nocchiṣṭa ālabheta kadācana ,
agniṁ gāṁ brāhmaṇaṁ caiva tathāsyāyurna riṣyate.

30. trīṇi tejāṃsi na ucchiṣṭaḥ ālabheta kadācana agnim
gām brāhmaṇam ca eva tathā asya āyuḥ na riṣyate

30. ucchistaḥ na trīṇi tejāṃsi ālabheta kadācana agnim
gām brāhmaṇam ca eva tathā asya āyuḥ na riṣyate

30. One who is defiled by remnants of food should never touch these three radiant entities: fire, a cow, or a brahmin. If one follows this rule, their lifespan will not be diminished.

Words meanings summery:

• त्रीणि (trīṇi) - three

• तेजांसि (tejāṁsi) - radiant entities (fire, cow, brahmin are considered sacred and radiant) (radiant things, powers, splendors, luminaries)

• न (na) - not, no

• उच्छिष्टः (ucchiṣṭaḥ) - one who is ritually impure (having eaten) (one who is defiled by food, having remnants of food, impure from eating)

• आलभेत (ālabheta) - one should touch, he should touch

• कदाचन (kadācana) - never (never, at any time)

• अग्निम् (agnim) - fire

• गाम् (gām) - cow

• ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - a brahmin

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just so

• तथा (tathā) - in that way (by following the rule) (thus, so, in that manner)

• अस्य (asya) - of him, his

• आयुः (āyuḥ) - lifespan, life

• न (na) - not, no

• रिष्यते (riṣyate) - is harmed, is injured, is diminished

Words meanings and morphology

त्रीणि (trīṇi) - three

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with `tejāṃsi`.

तेजांसि (tejāṁsi) - radiant entities (fire, cow, brahmin are considered sacred and radiant) (radiant things, powers, splendors, luminaries)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tejas

tejas - splendor, radiance, power, energy, light

Note: Subject of the sentence.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of negation.

उच्छिष्टः (ucchiṣṭaḥ) - one who is ritually impure (having eaten) (one who is defiled by food, having remnants of food, impure from eating)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ucchiṣṭa

ucchiṣṭa - left over (food), defiled by food, impure

past passive participle

From root `śiṣ` (to leave) with `ud-` prefix.

Prefix: ud

Root: śiṣ

Note: Used substantively.

आलभेत (ālabheta) - one should touch, he should touch

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of ālabh

optative mood

Root `labh` (1st class) with prefix `ā-`. Optative, 3rd person singular, ātmanepada.

Prefix: ā

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Expresses a rule or recommendation.

कदाचन (kadācana) - never (never, at any time)

(indeclinable)

Formed from `kadā` (when) + `cana` (even).

अग्निम् (agnim) - fire

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, sacrificial fire, god of fire

Note: Object of `ālabheta`.

गाम् (gām) - cow

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, ox, earth, ray of light

Note: Object of `ālabheta`.

ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - a brahmin

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, pertaining to brahman (brahman)

Derived from `brahman`.

Note: Object of `ālabheta`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective particle.

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just so

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तथा (tathā) - in that way (by following the rule) (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to the previous instruction.

अस्य (asya) - of him, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to the person following the rule.

आयुः (āyuḥ) - lifespan, life

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āyus

āyus - life, duration of life, lifespan

Note: Subject of `riṣyate`.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of negation.

रिष्यते (riṣyate) - is harmed, is injured, is diminished

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of riṣ

present tense

From root `riṣ` (4th class), `ātmanepada`, present, 3rd person singular. Often used in passive sense or medio-passive.

Root: riṣ (class 4)