महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-107, verse-39

अत्र गाथा यमोद्गीताः कीर्तयन्ति पुराविदः ।
आयुरस्य निकृन्तामि प्रजामस्याददे तथा ॥३९॥

39. atra gāthā yamodgītāḥ kīrtayanti purāvidaḥ ,
āyurasya nikṛntāmi prajāmasyādade tathā.

39. atra gāthā yama udgītāḥ kīrtayanti purāvidaḥ
āyuḥ asya nikr̥ntāmi prajām asya ādade tathā

39. atra purāvidaḥ yama udgītāḥ gāthāḥ kīrtayanti
asya āyuḥ nikr̥ntāmi tathā asya prajām ādade

39. Regarding this (matter), those who know the ancient lore (purāvidaḥ) recite verses (gāthāḥ) that were proclaimed by Yama: "I sever his life (āyus), and likewise I take away his progeny."

Words meanings summery:

• अत्र (atra) - Regarding this topic/matter (here, in this matter, on this point)

• गाथा (gāthā) - verse, song, stanza

• यम (yama) - Yama (the god of death)

• उद्गीताः (udgītāḥ) - proclaimed/uttered by Yama (sung, proclaimed, chanted)

• कीर्तयन्ति (kīrtayanti) - they recite, they proclaim

• पुराविदः (purāvidaḥ) - knowers of ancient lore, ancient scholars

• आयुः (āyuḥ) - life, lifespan

• अस्य (asya) - his, of him, to him

• निक्र्̥न्तामि (nikr̥ntāmi) - I cut off, I sever

• प्रजाम् (prajām) - offspring, progeny, subjects

• अस्य (asya) - his, of him, to him

• आददे (ādade) - I take, I take away

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that way, accordingly

Words meanings and morphology

अत्र (atra) - Regarding this topic/matter (here, in this matter, on this point)

(indeclinable)

गाथा (gāthā) - verse, song, stanza

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of gāthā

gāthā - verse, stanza, song, archaic poetic composition

From root gai- (to sing)

Root: gai (class 1)

यम (yama) - Yama (the god of death)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama (the god of death and justice); restraint, control

Root: yam (class 1)

उद्गीताः (udgītāḥ) - proclaimed/uttered by Yama (sung, proclaimed, chanted)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of udgīta

udgīta - sung, chanted, proclaimed aloud

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gai- (to sing) with prefix ud-

Prefix: ud

Root: gai (class 1)

कीर्तयन्ति (kīrtayanti) - they recite, they proclaim

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of kīrt

Present indicative

Root kīrt- (10th class verb)

Root: kīrt (class 10)

पुराविदः (purāvidaḥ) - knowers of ancient lore, ancient scholars

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of purāvid

purāvid - one who knows the past/ancient lore, ancient scholar

Compound of purā (anciently) and vid (knower).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (purā+vid)

• purā – formerly, anciently, in olden times
  indeclinable
• vid – knower, knowing
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  From root vid- 'to know'.
  Root: vid (class 2)

आयुः (āyuḥ) - life, lifespan

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āyus

āyus - life, vitality, lifespan

अस्य (asya) - his, of him, to him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to the person violating the rules.

निक्र्̥न्तामि (nikr̥ntāmi) - I cut off, I sever

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of kr̥nt

Present indicative

Root kr̥nt- (class 6) with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: kr̥t (class 6)

Note: Spoken by Yama, the god of death.

प्रजाम् (prajām) - offspring, progeny, subjects

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prajā

prajā - offspring, progeny, subjects, people

Root: jan (class 4)

अस्य (asya) - his, of him, to him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to the person violating the rules.

आददे (ādade) - I take, I take away

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of dā

Present indicative

Root dā- (class 3, middle voice) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Spoken by Yama.

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that way, accordingly

(indeclinable)