महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-107, verse-33

अभिवादयेत वृद्धांश्च आसनं चैव दापयेत् ।
कृताञ्जलिरुपासीत गच्छन्तं पृष्ठतोऽन्वियात् ॥३३॥

33. abhivādayeta vṛddhāṁśca āsanaṁ caiva dāpayet ,
kṛtāñjalirupāsīta gacchantaṁ pṛṣṭhato'nviyāt.

33. abhivādayeta vṛddhān ca āsanam ca eva dāpayet
kṛtāñjaliḥ upāsīta gacchantam pṛṣṭhataḥ anviyāt

33. vṛddhān abhivādayeta ca āsanam ca eva dāpayet
kṛtāñjaliḥ upāsīta gacchantam pṛṣṭhataḥ anviyāt

33. One should greet elders and offer them a seat. One should sit near them with folded hands, and follow behind them when they depart.

Words meanings summery:

• अभिवादयेत (abhivādayeta) - one should greet, honor, salute

• वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - elders, old people, grown ones

• च (ca) - and, also

• आसनम् (āsanam) - seat, sitting, posture

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

• दापयेत् (dāpayet) - one should cause to give, one should offer

• कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - having made the añjali gesture (folded hands), with folded hands

• उपासीत (upāsīta) - one should sit near, attend, serve

• गच्छन्तम् (gacchantam) - one who is going, a departing person

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, from the back

• अन्वियात् (anviyāt) - one should follow

Words meanings and morphology

अभिवादयेत (abhivādayeta) - one should greet, honor, salute

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of abhivāday

Causative stem

Causative stem of root √vad (to speak) with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Causative verb form.

वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - elders, old people, grown ones

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, expanded, augmented, wise

Past Passive Participle

From root √vṛdh (to grow)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आसनम् (āsanam) - seat, sitting, posture

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āsana

āsana - seat, sitting, posture, an act of sitting

From root √ās (to sit)

Root: ās (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

(indeclinable)

दापयेत् (dāpayet) - one should cause to give, one should offer

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of dāpay

Causative stem

Causative stem of root √dā (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Causative verb form.

कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - having made the añjali gesture (folded hands), with folded hands

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtāñjali

kṛtāñjali - one who has made the 'añjali' gesture (palms joined together)

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+añjali)

• kṛta – made, done
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• añjali – the hollow formed by joining palms, reverence, salutation
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the subject.

उपासीत (upāsīta) - one should sit near, attend, serve

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of upās

Root √ās (to sit) with prefix upa

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)

गच्छन्तम् (gacchantam) - one who is going, a departing person

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gacchat

gacchat - going, moving

Present Active Participle

From root √gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, from the back

(indeclinable)

Formed from pṛṣṭha (back) with -tas suffix

अन्वियात् (anviyāt) - one should follow

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of anvi

Root √i (to go) with prefix anu

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)