महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-107, verse-45

ब्राह्मणस्तु कुलं हन्याद्ध्यानेनावेक्षितेन च ।
तस्मादेतत्त्रयं यत्नादुपसेवेत पण्डितः ॥४५॥

45. brāhmaṇastu kulaṁ hanyāddhyānenāvekṣitena ca ,
tasmādetattrayaṁ yatnādupaseveta paṇḍitaḥ.

45. brāhmaṇaḥ tu kulam hanyāt dhyānena avekṣitena ca
| tasmāt etat trayam yatnāt upaseveta paṇḍitaḥ

45. Indeed, a brāhmaṇa can destroy a family (kula) through contemplation (dhyāna) and even by a mere glance. Therefore, a wise person (paṇḍita) should carefully guard these three (mind, speech, and body).

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brāhmaṇa, a member of the priestly class

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• कुलम् (kulam) - family, lineage, race, house

• हन्यात् (hanyāt) - may destroy, would kill, might harm

• ध्यानेन (dhyānena) - by contemplation, by meditation

• अवेक्षितेन (avekṣitena) - by observation, by looking at, by a glance

• च (ca) - and, also

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• एतत् (etat) - this, these

• त्रयम् (trayam) - the three aspects of mind, speech, and body (manaḥ, vāk, kāya) (triad, a group of three, three)

• यत्नात् (yatnāt) - with effort, diligently, carefully

• उपसेवेत (upaseveta) - should attend to, should guard, should serve, should practice

• पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - a wise person, a scholar

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brāhmaṇa, a member of the priestly class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brāhmaṇa, a member of the priestly class

from brahman (Veda, prayer) + aṇ

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

कुलम् (kulam) - family, lineage, race, house

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, race, house, community

हन्यात् (hanyāt) - may destroy, would kill, might harm

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

ध्यानेन (dhyānena) - by contemplation, by meditation

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dhyāna

dhyāna - contemplation, meditation, profound thought

from root dhyai (to contemplate)

Root: dhyai (class 1)

अवेक्षितेन (avekṣitena) - by observation, by looking at, by a glance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of avekṣita

avekṣita - observed, seen, looked at; observation, glance

Past Passive Participle

from ava + root īkṣ (to see)

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Used as a noun here.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used adverbially as "therefore".

एतत् (etat) - this, these

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to "trayam".

त्रयम् (trayam) - the three aspects of mind, speech, and body (manaḥ, vāk, kāya) (triad, a group of three, three)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of traya

traya - triad, group of three

from tri (three)

Note: Refers to mind, speech, and body (manaḥ, vāk, kāya) in this context.

यत्नात् (yatnāt) - with effort, diligently, carefully

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, diligence, care

from root yat (to strive)

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially.

उपसेवेत (upaseveta) - should attend to, should guard, should serve, should practice

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of upasev

Prefix: upa

Root: sev (class 1)

पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - a wise person, a scholar

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paṇḍita

paṇḍita - learned, wise, scholar, pundit