महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-107, verse-148

एतद्यशस्यमायुष्यं स्वर्ग्यं स्वस्त्ययनं महत् ।
अनुकम्पता सर्ववर्णान्ब्रह्मणा समुदाहृतम् ॥१४८॥

148. etadyaśasyamāyuṣyaṁ svargyaṁ svastyayanaṁ mahat ,
anukampatā sarvavarṇānbrahmaṇā samudāhṛtam.

148. etat yaśasyam āyuṣyam svargyam svastyayanam
mahat anukampatā sarvavarṇān brahmaṇā samudāhṛtam

148. etat yaśasyam āyuṣyam svargyam mahat svastyayanam
brahmaṇā anukampatā sarvavarṇān samudāhṛtam

148. This, which is glorious, conducive to longevity, leading to heaven, and a great source of welfare, has been proclaimed by Brahmā, out of compassion, for all social classes.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• यशस्यम् (yaśasyam) - glorious, conferring fame, famous

• आयुष्यम् (āyuṣyam) - conducive to longevity, prolonging life

• स्वर्ग्यम् (svargyam) - leading to heaven, celestial

• स्वस्त्ययनम् (svastyayanam) - path to welfare, auspicious path, benediction

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

• अनुकम्पता (anukampatā) - compassion, sympathy, feeling for

• सर्ववर्णान् (sarvavarṇān) - all social classes, all castes

• ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā, the creator god (by Brahmā (the creator god))

• समुदाहृतम् (samudāhṛtam) - proclaimed, declared, stated

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Refers to what has been described or is being described (e.g., good conduct, dharma).

यशस्यम् (yaśasyam) - glorious, conferring fame, famous

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yaśasya

yaśasya - conducive to fame, glorious, famous

From yaśas (fame) + -ya (suffix)

Note: Predicate adjective.

आयुष्यम् (āyuṣyam) - conducive to longevity, prolonging life

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āyuṣya

āyuṣya - conducive to long life, promoting longevity

Derived from āyus (life) + -ya (suffix)

Note: Predicate adjective.

स्वर्ग्यम् (svargyam) - leading to heaven, celestial

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of svargya

svargya - leading to heaven, celestial, heavenly

From svarga (heaven) + -ya (suffix)

Note: Predicate adjective.

स्वस्त्ययनम् (svastyayanam) - path to welfare, auspicious path, benediction

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of svastyayana

svastyayana - auspicious path, source of welfare, benediction

Compound type : tatpurusha (svasti+ayana)

• svasti – welfare, well-being, auspiciousness
  indeclinable (feminine)
• ayana – going, path, course
  noun (neuter)
  From √i (to go)
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Main noun in the nominative.

महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, extensive

Present participle of √mah (to be great)

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective.

अनुकम्पता (anukampatā) - compassion, sympathy, feeling for

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anukampatā

anukampatā - compassion, sympathy, commiseration

From anukampa (compassion) + -tā (suffix forming feminine abstract nouns)

Prefix: anu

Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: Its role is adverbial, indicating the motivation for Brahmā's declaration.

सर्ववर्णान् (sarvavarṇān) - all social classes, all castes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarvavarṇa

sarvavarṇa - all social classes, all castes

Compound type : karma_dhāraya (sarva+varṇa)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun (masculine)
• varṇa – color, class, social class, caste
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of implied preposition 'for' or 'towards', indicating the recipients of the compassion/declaration.

ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā, the creator god (by Brahmā (the creator god))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the creator god), prayer, sacred word

Note: Agent of the passive verb samudāhṛtam.

समुदाहृतम् (samudāhṛtam) - proclaimed, declared, stated

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samudāhṛta

samudāhṛta - proclaimed, declared, stated

Past Passive Participle

From sam-ud-ā-√hṛ (to bring together, collect, utter, proclaim)

Prefixes: sam+ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate participle of the verse, with an implied 'is'.