महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-107, verse-68

वर्जयेद्दन्तकाष्ठानि वर्जनीयानि नित्यशः ।
भक्षयेच्छास्त्रदृष्टानि पर्वस्वपि च वर्जयेत् ॥६८॥

68. varjayeddantakāṣṭhāni varjanīyāni nityaśaḥ ,
bhakṣayecchāstradṛṣṭāni parvasvapi ca varjayet.

68. varjayet dantakāṣṭhāni varjanīyāni nityaśaḥ
bhakṣayet śāstradṛṣṭāni parvasu api ca varjayet

68. nityaśaḥ varjanīyāni dantakāṣṭhāni varjayet
śāstradṛṣṭāni bhakṣayet parvasu api ca varjayet

68. One should avoid those tooth-sticks that are always to be avoided. One should use only those sanctioned by the sacred texts, and even those should be avoided on holy days (parvan).

Words meanings summery:

• वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - one should abstain from using (certain types of tooth-sticks) (one should avoid, one should shun, one should relinquish)

• दन्तकाष्ठानि (dantakāṣṭhāni) - specific types of tooth-sticks or twigs used for oral hygiene (tooth-sticks, twigs for cleaning teeth)

• वर्जनीयानि (varjanīyāni) - which should be avoided (referring to types of tooth-sticks considered impure or unsuitable) (to be avoided, avoidable)

• नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - always, without exception (indicating a permanent prohibition) (always, constantly, perpetually)

• भक्षयेत् (bhakṣayet) - one should use (the tooth-sticks specified by scriptures) (one should eat, one should consume, one should use)

• शास्त्रदृष्टानि (śāstradṛṣṭāni) - those tooth-sticks that are prescribed or permitted by religious scriptures (seen by scriptures, sanctioned by scriptures, prescribed by sacred texts)

• पर्वसु (parvasu) - on holy days, festivals, or auspicious periods (e.g., new moon, full moon days), when certain practices are restricted (on joints, on knots, on festive days, on auspicious times)

• अपि (api) - even (emphasizing that the prohibition extends to otherwise sanctioned items on these specific days) (also, even, too)

• च (ca) - and (connecting the two parts of the rule regarding tooth-sticks) (and, also)

• वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - one should avoid (using them on holy days) (one should avoid, one should shun)

Words meanings and morphology

वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - one should abstain from using (certain types of tooth-sticks) (one should avoid, one should shun, one should relinquish)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of varj

Optative

Third person singular active optative from √vṛj (to avoid, abandon), in its causative stem varjay.

Root: √vṛj (class 10)

दन्तकाष्ठानि (dantakāṣṭhāni) - specific types of tooth-sticks or twigs used for oral hygiene (tooth-sticks, twigs for cleaning teeth)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of dantakāṣṭha

dantakāṣṭha - tooth-stick, a twig used for cleaning teeth

Compound of danta (tooth) and kāṣṭha (wood, stick).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (danta+kāṣṭha)

• danta – tooth, tusk
  noun (masculine)
• kāṣṭha – wood, piece of wood, stick
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of varjayet.

वर्जनीयानि (varjanīyāni) - which should be avoided (referring to types of tooth-sticks considered impure or unsuitable) (to be avoided, avoidable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of varjanīya

varjanīya - to be shunned, to be avoided, improper

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Formed from √vṛj (to avoid) + suffix anīya.

Root: √vṛj (class 10)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective describing 'dantakāṣṭhāni'.

नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - always, without exception (indicating a permanent prohibition) (always, constantly, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix śas appended to nitya.

Note: Modifies varjanīyāni.

भक्षयेत् (bhakṣayet) - one should use (the tooth-sticks specified by scriptures) (one should eat, one should consume, one should use)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhakṣ

Optative

Third person singular active optative from √bhakṣ (to eat, consume).

Root: √bhakṣ (class 10)

शास्त्रदृष्टानि (śāstradṛṣṭāni) - those tooth-sticks that are prescribed or permitted by religious scriptures (seen by scriptures, sanctioned by scriptures, prescribed by sacred texts)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śāstradṛṣṭa

śāstradṛṣṭa - seen in the scriptures, sanctioned by sacred texts, prescribed by sacred law

Compound of śāstra (scripture) and dṛṣṭa (seen, past passive participle of √dṛś).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śāstra+dṛṣṭa)

• śāstra – sacred text, scripture, treatise, rule, instruction
  noun (neuter)
• dṛṣṭa – seen, observed, perceived, known
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dṛś (to see).
  Root: √dṛś (class 1)

Note: Object of bhakṣayet.

पर्वसु (parvasu) - on holy days, festivals, or auspicious periods (e.g., new moon, full moon days), when certain practices are restricted (on joints, on knots, on festive days, on auspicious times)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of parvan

parvan - knot, joint, limb, section, chapter, festive day, an auspicious or critical day

Note: Indicates the time or occasion of avoidance.

अपि (api) - even (emphasizing that the prohibition extends to otherwise sanctioned items on these specific days) (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (connecting the two parts of the rule regarding tooth-sticks) (and, also)

(indeclinable)

वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - one should avoid (using them on holy days) (one should avoid, one should shun)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of varj

Optative

Third person singular active optative from √vṛj (to avoid, abandon), in its causative stem varjay.

Root: √vṛj (class 10)