महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-107, verse-82

नालीढया परिहतं भक्षयीत कदाचन ।
तथा नोद्धृतसाराणि प्रेक्षतां नाप्रदाय च ॥८२॥

82. nālīḍhayā parihataṁ bhakṣayīta kadācana ,
tathā noddhṛtasārāṇi prekṣatāṁ nāpradāya ca.

82. na āliḍhayā parihṛtam bhakṣayīta kadācana
tathā na uddhṛtasārāṇi prekṣatām na apradāya ca

82. āliḍhayā parihṛtam kadācana na bhakṣayīta
tathā ca uddhṛtasārāṇi na apradāya na prekṣatām

82. One should never eat food that has been licked (by another) or rejected. Likewise, one should not merely look at food from which the best portion has not been offered (to others), nor should one fail to make an offering.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• आलिढया (āliḍhayā) - by what has been licked (by another's mouth), rendering the food impure (by (another's) licked (tongue or mouth))

• परिहृतम् (parihṛtam) - rejected, discarded, avoided

• भक्षयीत (bhakṣayīta) - should eat, should consume

• कदाचन (kadācana) - never, at any time (with 'na')

• तथा (tathā) - likewise, similarly, so

• न (na) - not, no

• उद्धृतसाराणि (uddhṛtasārāṇi) - food from which the best portion has been taken or offered (those whose essence has been extracted/removed)

• प्रेक्षताम् (prekṣatām) - should look, should observe

• न (na) - not, no

• अप्रदाय (apradāya) - without giving, without offering

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आलिढया (āliḍhayā) - by what has been licked (by another's mouth), rendering the food impure (by (another's) licked (tongue or mouth))

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of āliḍha

āliḍha - licked, tasted

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: ā

Root: lih (class 2)

Note: Used adverbially, or with an implied feminine noun like 'jihvā' (tongue).

परिहृतम् (parihṛtam) - rejected, discarded, avoided

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parihṛta

parihṛta - rejected, discarded, abandoned, removed, avoided

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: pari

Root: hṛ (class 1)

भक्षयीत (bhakṣayīta) - should eat, should consume

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhakṣ

Denominative verb from bhakṣa (food)

Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

कदाचन (kadācana) - never, at any time (with 'na')

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - likewise, similarly, so

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

उद्धृतसाराणि (uddhṛtasārāṇi) - food from which the best portion has been taken or offered (those whose essence has been extracted/removed)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of uddhṛtasāra

uddhṛtasāra - having its essence extracted, whose best part has been taken out

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (uddhṛta+sāra)

• uddhṛta – extracted, lifted, removed, taken out
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefixes: ud+hṛ
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• sāra – essence, best part, core, strength
  noun (masculine)

प्रेक्षताम् (prekṣatām) - should look, should observe

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of īkṣ

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अप्रदाय (apradāya) - without giving, without offering

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: The 'a' prefix negates the absolutive, meaning 'without giving/offering'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)