महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-107, verse-138

धनुर्वेदे च वेदे च यत्नः कार्यो नराधिप ।
हस्तिपृष्ठेऽश्वपृष्ठे च रथचर्यासु चैव ह ।
यत्नवान्भव राजेन्द्र यत्नवान्सुखमेधते ॥१३८॥

138. dhanurvede ca vede ca yatnaḥ kāryo narādhipa ,
hastipṛṣṭhe'śvapṛṣṭhe ca rathacaryāsu caiva ha ,
yatnavānbhava rājendra yatnavānsukhamedhate.

138. dhanurvede ca vede ca yatnaḥ kāryaḥ
narādhipa hastipṛṣṭhe aśvapṛṣṭhe ca
rathacaryāsu ca eva ha yatnavān
bhava rājendra yatnavān sukham edhate

138. narādhipa dhanurvede vede ca
hastipṛṣṭhe aśvapṛṣṭhe ca rathacaryāsu
ca eva ha yatnaḥ kāryaḥ rājendra
yatnavān bhava yatnavān sukham edhate

138. O king (narādhipa), effort must be made in the science of archery (dhanurveda) and in the Vedas. And on the backs of elephants and horses, and in charioteering, you must indeed be diligent, O supreme ruler (rājendra)! A diligent person prospers in happiness.

Words meanings summery:

• धनुर्वेदे (dhanurvede) - in the science of archery

• च (ca) - and

• वेदे (vede) - in the Veda, in knowledge

• च (ca) - and

• यत्नः (yatnaḥ) - effort, exertion, diligence

• कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - must be made/applied (to be done, to be made)

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king, O ruler of men

• हस्तिपृष्ठे (hastipṛṣṭhe) - on the back of an elephant

• अश्वपृष्ठे (aśvapṛṣṭhe) - on the back of a horse

• च (ca) - and

• रथचर्यासु (rathacaryāsu) - in chariot driving, in chariot operations

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

• यत्नवान् (yatnavān) - diligent, assiduous, full of effort

• भव (bhava) - be, become

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O supreme ruler, O lord of kings

• यत्नवान् (yatnavān) - diligent, assiduous, full of effort

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, comfortably

• एधते (edhate) - he prospers, thrives, grows

Words meanings and morphology

धनुर्वेदे (dhanurvede) - in the science of archery

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dhanurveda

dhanurveda - science of archery

compound of dhanus (bow) + veda (knowledge/science)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (dhanus+veda)

• dhanus – bow
  noun (neuter)
• veda – knowledge, science
  noun (masculine)
  from √vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वेदे (vede) - in the Veda, in knowledge

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of veda

veda - Veda, sacred knowledge

from √vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

यत्नः (yatnaḥ) - effort, exertion, diligence

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, diligence

from √yat (to strive)

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Subject of kāryaḥ.

कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - must be made/applied (to be done, to be made)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, work

Gerundive

derived from root √kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate adjective for yatnaḥ.

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king, O ruler of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - ruler of men, king

compound of nara (man) + adhipa (ruler)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord
  noun (masculine)
  from adhi-√pā (to protect, rule)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

हस्तिपृष्ठे (hastipṛṣṭhe) - on the back of an elephant

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of hastipṛṣṭha

hastipṛṣṭha - elephant's back

compound of hasti (elephant) + pṛṣṭha (back)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (hasti+pṛṣṭha)

• hasti – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• pṛṣṭha – back, surface
  noun (neuter)

अश्वपृष्ठे (aśvapṛṣṭhe) - on the back of a horse

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of aśvapṛṣṭha

aśvapṛṣṭha - horse's back

compound of aśva (horse) + pṛṣṭha (back)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (aśva+pṛṣṭha)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• pṛṣṭha – back, surface
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

रथचर्यासु (rathacaryāsu) - in chariot driving, in chariot operations

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of rathacaryā

rathacaryā - chariot driving, chariot operations

compound of ratha (chariot) + caryā (movement, practice)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (ratha+caryā)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• caryā – movement, practice, conduct
  noun (feminine)
  from √car (to move)
  Root: car (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

यत्नवान् (yatnavān) - diligent, assiduous, full of effort

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatnavat

yatnavat - diligent, assiduous, having effort

Derived from yatna (effort) with suffix -vat (possessing)

Note: Nominative singular of a possessive adjective.

भव (bhava) - be, become

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Command to the king.

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O supreme ruler, O lord of kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - chief of kings, supreme ruler

compound of rājan (king) + indra (chief/lord)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, the god Indra
  noun (masculine)

यत्नवान् (yatnavān) - diligent, assiduous, full of effort

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatnavat

yatnavat - diligent, assiduous, having effort

Derived from yatna (effort) with suffix -vat (possessing)

Note: Nominative singular of a possessive adjective.

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, comfortably

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, ease, pleasure

Note: Can function adverbially here.

एधते (edhate) - he prospers, thrives, grows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of edh

Root: edh (class 1)

Note: Expresses a general truth.