महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-107, verse-16

ब्राह्मे मुहूर्ते बुध्येत धर्मार्थौ चानुचिन्तयेत् ।
उत्थायाचम्य तिष्ठेत पूर्वां संध्यां कृताञ्जलिः ॥१६॥

16. brāhme muhūrte budhyeta dharmārthau cānucintayet ,
utthāyācamya tiṣṭheta pūrvāṁ saṁdhyāṁ kṛtāñjaliḥ.

16. brāhme muhūrte budhyeta dharmārthau ca anucintayet
utthāya ācamya tiṣṭheta pūrvām saṃdhyām kṛtāñjaliḥ

16. (janaḥ) brāhme muhūrte budhyeta ca dharmārthau anucintayet
(saḥ) utthāya ācamya kṛtāñjaliḥ pūrvām saṃdhyām tiṣṭheta

16. One should awaken during the brāhma muhūrta (the auspicious hour before dawn) and contemplate the goals of righteousness (dharma) and material prosperity. Having risen and performed ritual sipping, one should stand with clasped hands for the morning twilight ritual.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मे (brāhme) - in the auspicious (brāhma) (in the divine, related to Brahmā, auspicious)

• मुहूर्ते (muhūrte) - in the 'muhūrta' (a division of time) (in the moment, in the hour)

• बुध्येत (budhyeta) - one should awaken (from sleep) (one should awaken, one should perceive)

• धर्मार्थौ (dharmārthau) - the dual goals of righteousness (dharma) and material prosperity (artha) (righteousness and wealth/purpose)

• च (ca) - and

• अनुचिन्तयेत् (anucintayet) - one should contemplate (dharma and artha) (one should reflect upon, one should contemplate)

• उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, having stood up

• आचम्य (ācamya) - having performed ritual sipping (having sipped water (ritually))

• तिष्ठेत (tiṣṭheta) - one should stand

• पूर्वाम् (pūrvām) - the eastern (saṃdhyā) (eastern, former, prior)

• संध्याम् (saṁdhyām) - the morning twilight ritual (twilight, juncture, morning/evening ritual)

• कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - having clasped hands, with hands joined (in reverence)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मे (brāhme) - in the auspicious (brāhma) (in the divine, related to Brahmā, auspicious)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of brāhma

brāhma - divine, holy, related to Brahmā or Brahman

From brahman

Note: Adjective modifying 'muhūrte'.

मुहूर्ते (muhūrte) - in the 'muhūrta' (a division of time) (in the moment, in the hour)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - moment, instant, a division of time (48 minutes)

बुध्येत (budhyeta) - one should awaken (from sleep) (one should awaken, one should perceive)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of budh

Root: budh (class 4)

Note: Expresses a recommendation or duty.

धर्मार्थौ (dharmārthau) - the dual goals of righteousness (dharma) and material prosperity (artha) (righteousness and wealth/purpose)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of dharmārtha

dharmārtha - righteousness and wealth, purpose of dharma

Dvandva compound of dharma and artha.

Compound type : dvandva (dharma+artha)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• artha – wealth, prosperity, purpose, meaning, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'anucintayet'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अनुचिन्तयेत् (anucintayet) - one should contemplate (dharma and artha) (one should reflect upon, one should contemplate)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of anucint

Prefix: anu

Root: cint (class 10)

Note: Expresses a recommendation or duty.

उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, having stood up

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root sthā (to stand) with prefix ut-

Prefix: ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

आचम्य (ācamya) - having performed ritual sipping (having sipped water (ritually))

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root cam (to sip, drink) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: cam (class 1)

तिष्ठेत (tiṣṭheta) - one should stand

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Expresses a recommendation or duty.

पूर्वाम् (pūrvām) - the eastern (saṃdhyā) (eastern, former, prior)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pūrva

pūrva - eastern, prior, former, first

Note: The feminine form 'pūrvā' refers to the morning 'saṃdhyā' which is in the east.

संध्याम् (saṁdhyām) - the morning twilight ritual (twilight, juncture, morning/evening ritual)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of saṃdhyā

saṁdhyā - twilight, juncture, union, morning/evening ritual

From sam-dhi (joining)

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Object of implied verb (e.g., 'should perform' or 'should face towards'). Here, context suggests 'for' or 'during' the ritual.

कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - having clasped hands, with hands joined (in reverence)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtāñjali

kṛtāñjali - having clasped hands, with hands joined (in reverence)

Bahuvrīhi compound: kṛta (done) + añjali (hollowed hands) = one by whom hands are made into añjali.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+añjali)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• añjali – hollow of the hands, clasped hands (as a gesture of respect)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective describing the subject of 'tiṣṭheta'.