महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-107, verse-55

वृथा मांसं न खादेत पृष्ठमांसं तथैव च ।
आक्रोशं परिवादं च पैशुन्यं च विवर्जयेत् ॥५५॥

55. vṛthā māṁsaṁ na khādeta pṛṣṭhamāṁsaṁ tathaiva ca ,
ākrośaṁ parivādaṁ ca paiśunyaṁ ca vivarjayet.

55. vṛthā māṃsam na khādet pṛṣṭhamāṃsam tathā eva
ca ākrośam parivādam ca paiśunyam ca vivarjayet

55. vṛthā māṃsam na khādet tathā eva ca pṛṣṭhamāṃsam
ca ākrośam ca parivādam ca paiśunyam vivarjayet

55. One should not eat meat unnecessarily, nor should one engage in slander. He should avoid abuse, censure, and malicious tale-bearing.

Words meanings summery:

• वृथा (vṛthā) - unnecessarily, in vain, uselessly

• मांसम् (māṁsam) - meat, flesh

• न (na) - not

• खादेत् (khādet) - should eat

• पृष्ठमांसम् (pṛṣṭhamāṁsam) - slander, backbiting, back meat

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, likewise

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just so

• च (ca) - and

• आक्रोशम् (ākrośam) - abuse, reviling

• परिवादम् (parivādam) - blame, censure

• च (ca) - and

• पैशुन्यम् (paiśunyam) - malice, tale-bearing, calumny

• च (ca) - and

• विवर्जयेत् (vivarjayet) - should abandon, should avoid

Words meanings and morphology

वृथा (vṛthā) - unnecessarily, in vain, uselessly

(indeclinable)

मांसम् (māṁsam) - meat, flesh

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of māṃsa

māṁsa - meat, flesh

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

खादेत् (khādet) - should eat

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of khād

Root: khād (class 1)

पृष्ठमांसम् (pṛṣṭhamāṁsam) - slander, backbiting, back meat

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pṛṣṭhamāṃsa

pṛṣṭhamāṁsa - back meat; slander, calumny, backbiting (idiomatic)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛṣṭha+māṃsa)

• pṛṣṭha – back, rear
  noun (neuter)
• māṃsa – meat, flesh
  noun (neuter)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, likewise

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just so

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

आक्रोशम् (ākrośam) - abuse, reviling

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ākrośa

ākrośa - abuse, reviling, crying out against

Derived from root √kruś with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: kruś (class 1)

परिवादम् (parivādam) - blame, censure

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parivāda

parivāda - blame, censure, reproach, slander

Derived from root √vad with prefix pari-.

Prefix: pari

Root: vad (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पैशुन्यम् (paiśunyam) - malice, tale-bearing, calumny

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paiśunya

paiśunya - malice, treachery, tale-bearing, calumny

Derived from piśuna (malicious, cruel).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विवर्जयेत् (vivarjayet) - should abandon, should avoid

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vivarjay

Causal formation of √vṛj

Root √vṛj (class 1, parasm. vṛjati) in its causal form with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛj (class 1)