महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-107, verse-119

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शिरःस्नातोऽथ कुर्वीत दैवं पित्र्यमथापि च ।
नक्षत्रे न च कुर्वीत यस्मिञ्जातो भवेन्नरः ।
न प्रोष्ठपदयोः कार्यं तथाग्नेये च भारत ॥११९॥

119. śiraḥsnāto'tha kurvīta daivaṁ pitryamathāpi ca ,
nakṣatre na ca kurvīta yasmiñjāto bhavennaraḥ ,
na proṣṭhapadayoḥ kāryaṁ tathāgneye ca bhārata.

119. śiraḥsnātaḥ atha kurvīta daivam pitryam
atha api ca nakṣatre na ca kurvīta
yasmin jātaḥ bhavet naraḥ na proṣṭhapadayoḥ
kāryam tathā āgneye ca bhārata

119. bhārata atha śiraḥsnātaḥ daivam pitryam
atha api ca kurvīta ca yasmin naraḥ
jātaḥ bhavet nakṣatre na kurvīta ca
proṣṭhapadayoḥ tathā āgneye na kāryam

119. O Bhārata, after taking a ritual head-bath, one should then perform rites dedicated to the gods and ancestors. However, one should not perform these rites in the specific lunar mansion (nakṣatra) in which one was born. Similarly, these rites should not be performed during the Proṣṭhapada lunar mansions nor in the Agneya (Kṛttikā) lunar mansion.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

शिरःस्नातः (śiraḥsnātaḥ) - one who has bathed their head, one who has completed a ritual head-bath

अथ (atha) - then, next, now

कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - he should do, he should perform

दैवम् (daivam) - divine rites, pertaining to gods

पित्र्यम् (pitryam) - ancestral rites, pertaining to ancestors

अथ (atha) - then, next, now

अपि (api) - also, even, too

च (ca) - and, also

नक्षत्रे (nakṣatre) - in a lunar mansion, in a constellation

न (na) - not

च (ca) - and, also

कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - he should do, he should perform

यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in which, wherein

जातः (jātaḥ) - born, produced, occurred

भवेत् (bhavet) - he may be, he should be, it may be

नरः (naraḥ) - man, human being

न (na) - not

प्रोष्ठपदयोः (proṣṭhapadayoḥ) - Refers to the two nakṣatras Pūrva Bhādrapada and Uttara Bhādrapada. (in the two Proṣṭhapadās (a pair of lunar mansions))

कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done (the rites) (should be done, action, work)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, and

आग्नेये (āgneye) - Refers to the Kṛttikā lunar mansion, which is associated with Agni. (in the Agneya (constellation), related to fire god Agni)

च (ca) - and, also

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata

Words meanings and morphology

शिरःस्नातः (śiraḥsnātaḥ) - one who has bathed their head, one who has completed a ritual head-bath

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śiraḥsnāta

śiraḥsnāta - one who has bathed their head

Compound `śiras` (head) + `snāta` (bathed).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śiras+snāta)

śiras – head
noun (neuter)
snāta – bathed, purified by bathing
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root `snā` (to bathe).
Root: snā (class 2)

Note: Acts as the implied subject of `kurvīta`.

अथ (atha) - then, next, now

(indeclinable)

Particle.

कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - he should do, he should perform

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of kṛ

Optative Mood, Middle Voice

3rd person singular, optative, middle voice of root `kṛ`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

दैवम् (daivam) - divine rites, pertaining to gods

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - divine, godly, related to gods, divine ordinance, fate

Derived from `deva` (god).

Note: Object of `kurvīta`.

पित्र्यम् (pitryam) - ancestral rites, pertaining to ancestors

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pitrya

pitrya - ancestral, paternal, belonging to ancestors

Derived from `pitṛ` (father/ancestor).

Note: Object of `kurvīta`.

अथ (atha) - then, next, now

(indeclinable)

Particle.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Particle.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

नक्षत्रे (nakṣatre) - in a lunar mansion, in a constellation

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nakṣatra

nakṣatra - lunar mansion, constellation, star

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - he should do, he should perform

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of kṛ

Optative Mood, Middle Voice

3rd person singular, optative, middle voice of root `kṛ`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in which, wherein

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Relative pronoun.

जातः (jātaḥ) - born, produced, occurred

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `jan` (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

भवेत् (bhavet) - he may be, he should be, it may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Optative Mood

3rd person singular, optative mood, active voice of root `bhū`.

Root: bhū (class 1)

नरः (naraḥ) - man, human being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human being

Root: nṛ

Note: Subject of `bhavet`.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

प्रोष्ठपदयोः (proṣṭhapadayoḥ) - Refers to the two nakṣatras Pūrva Bhādrapada and Uttara Bhādrapada. (in the two Proṣṭhapadās (a pair of lunar mansions))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, dual of proṣṭhapada

proṣṭhapada - name of certain lunar mansions (Pūrva Bhādrapada and Uttara Bhādrapada)

कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done (the rites) (should be done, action, work)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, proper to be done, duty, action, work

gerundive (future passive participle)

Derived from root `kṛ` (to do) + `ya` suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate adjective for an implied neuter subject (like `karma` or `tat`).

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, and