महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-107, verse-23

नोत्सृजेत पुरीषं च क्षेत्रे ग्रामस्य चान्तिके ।
उभे मूत्रपुरीषे तु नाप्सु कुर्यात्कदाचन ॥२३॥

23. notsṛjeta purīṣaṁ ca kṣetre grāmasya cāntike ,
ubhe mūtrapurīṣe tu nāpsu kuryātkadācana.

23. na utsṛjeta purīṣam ca kṣetre grāmasya ca antike
ubhe mūtrapurīṣe tu na apsu kuryāt kadācana

23. kṣetre grāmasya ca antike ca purīṣam na utsṛjeta
tu kadācana ubhe mūtrapurīṣe apsu na kuryāt

23. One should not discharge excrement in a field or near a village. Furthermore, one should never relieve oneself (both urine and excrement) in water.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• उत्सृजेत (utsṛjeta) - one should discharge, one should release, one should abandon

• पुरीषम् (purīṣam) - excrement, feces

• च (ca) - and, also

• क्षेत्रे (kṣetre) - in a field, in a place

• ग्रामस्य (grāmasya) - of the village

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्तिके (antike) - near, in the vicinity of

• उभे (ubhe) - both

• मूत्रपुरीषे (mūtrapurīṣe) - urine and excrement

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• न (na) - not, no

• अप्सु (apsu) - in waters, in water

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - one should do, one should perform

• कदाचन (kadācana) - never (when used with `na`) (ever, at any time)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

उत्सृजेत (utsṛjeta) - one should discharge, one should release, one should abandon

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of utsṛj

Optative mood, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

From ut-√sṛj (to let go). Root √sṛj, 6th class (sṛjati), with upasarga ut.

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

पुरीषम् (purīṣam) - excrement, feces

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of purīṣa

purīṣa - feces, excrement, dung

Note: Object of 'utsṛjeta'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

क्षेत्रे (kṣetre) - in a field, in a place

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kṣetra

kṣetra - field, land, place, sacred spot

ग्रामस्य (grāmasya) - of the village

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of grāma

grāma - village, hamlet, community

Note: Qualifies 'antike'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अन्तिके (antike) - near, in the vicinity of

(indeclinable)

From anti (near) + ka (suffix).

Note: Used as an indeclinable or adverb derived from the locative case of `antika`.

उभे (ubhe) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Dual pronoun/adjective.

Note: Here nominative dual, agreeing with `mūtrapurīṣe`.

मूत्रपुरीषे (mūtrapurīṣe) - urine and excrement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, dual of mūtrapurīṣa

mūtrapurīṣa - urine and feces

Dvandva compound of mūtra (urine) and purīṣa (excrement).

Compound type : dvandva (mūtra+purīṣa)

• mūtra – urine
  noun (neuter)
• purīṣa – feces, excrement, dung
  noun (neuter)

Note: Objects of 'kuryāt'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अप्सु (apsu) - in waters, in water

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

Root form of water, only used in plural forms.

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - one should do, one should perform

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Optative mood, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Root √kṛ, 8th class, optative, parasmaipada, 3rd singular.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कदाचन (kadācana) - never (when used with `na`) (ever, at any time)

(indeclinable)

Formed from `kadā` (when) + `cana` (indefinite particle).