महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-107, verse-88

वाग्यतो नैकवस्त्रश्च नासंविष्टः कदाचन ।
भूमौ सदैव नाश्नीयान्नानासीनो न शब्दवत् ॥८८॥

88. vāgyato naikavastraśca nāsaṁviṣṭaḥ kadācana ,
bhūmau sadaiva nāśnīyānnānāsīno na śabdavat.

88. vāgyataḥ na ekavastraḥ ca na asaṃviṣṭaḥ kadācana
bhūmau sadā eva na aśnīyāt na anāsīnaḥ na śabdavat

88. kadācana vāgyataḥ na ekavastraḥ ca na asaṃviṣṭaḥ
bhūmau sadā eva na aśnīyāt na anāsīnaḥ na śabdavat

88. One should eat with controlled speech, not wearing only one garment, and never while reclining. One should always avoid eating directly on the ground. One should eat while seated, and not noisily.

Words meanings summery:

• वाग्यतः (vāgyataḥ) - with controlled speech (restrained in speech, silent, with controlled speech)

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• एकवस्त्रः (ekavastraḥ) - wearing only one garment (single-clothed, wearing only one garment)

• च (ca) - and

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• असंविष्टः (asaṁviṣṭaḥ) - not reclining (in an improper posture) (not lying down, not reclining, not properly settled, not at ease)

• कदाचन (kadācana) - never (with negation) (ever, at any time)

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - directly on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

• सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, very)

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat (should eat, should taste)

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• अनासीनः (anāsīnaḥ) - standing (not seated) (not sitting, standing)

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• शब्दवत् (śabdavat) - noisily (having noise, noisily)

Words meanings and morphology

वाग्यतः (vāgyataḥ) - with controlled speech (restrained in speech, silent, with controlled speech)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāgyata

vāgyata - restrained in speech, silent

compound of vāc (speech) and yata (restrained)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vāc+yata)

• vāc – speech, voice, word
  noun (feminine)
• yata – restrained, controlled, self-controlled
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from √yam (to restrain)
  Root: √yam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies implied subject 'one'

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation

एकवस्त्रः (ekavastraḥ) - wearing only one garment (single-clothed, wearing only one garment)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ekavastra

ekavastra - wearing a single garment

compound of eka (one) and vastra (garment)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (eka+vastra)

• eka – one, single
  pronoun
• vastra – garment, cloth, raiment
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies implied subject 'one'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation

असंविष्टः (asaṁviṣṭaḥ) - not reclining (in an improper posture) (not lying down, not reclining, not properly settled, not at ease)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asaṃviṣṭa

asaṁviṣṭa - not entered, not approached, not reclining, not settled

Past Passive Participle (negated)

from a (negation) + saṃ-√viś (to enter, sit down, settle)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+saṃviṣṭa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix
• saṃviṣṭa – seated, lying down, settled
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from saṃ-√viś (to enter, sit down, settle)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: √viś (class 6)

Note: Qualifies implied subject 'one'

कदाचन (kadācana) - never (with negation) (ever, at any time)

(indeclinable)

kadā (when) + cana (particle for indefiniteness/emphasis)

Note: Emphasizes the prohibition

भूमौ (bhūmau) - directly on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

Note: Denotes place

सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, very)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation

अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat (should eat, should taste)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of √aś

Optative

3rd person singular optative active

Root: √aś (class 9)

Note: Implied subject is 'one'

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation

अनासीनः (anāsīnaḥ) - standing (not seated) (not sitting, standing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anāsīna

anāsīna - not sitting, standing

Present Active Participle (negated)

from a (negation) + ā-√ās (to sit)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+āsīna)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix
• āsīna – sitting, seated
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  from ā-√ās (to sit)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: √ās (class 2)

Note: Qualifies implied subject 'one'

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation

शब्दवत् (śabdavat) - noisily (having noise, noisily)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabdavat

śabdavat - possessing sound, noisy

derived from śabda (sound) + matup (possessive suffix)

Note: Qualifies implied subject 'one'