महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-55, verse-52

ततः पार्थो धनुर्गृह्य दिव्यं जलदनिस्वनम् ।
पातयामास भीष्मस्य धनुश्छित्त्वा त्रिभिः शरैः ॥५२॥

52. tataḥ pārtho dhanurgṛhya divyaṁ jaladanisvanam ,
pātayāmāsa bhīṣmasya dhanuśchittvā tribhiḥ śaraiḥ.

52. tataḥ pārthaḥ dhanuḥ gṛhya divyam jaladanisvanam
pātayāmāsa bhīṣmasya dhanuḥ chittvā tribhiḥ śaraiḥ

52. tataḥ pārthaḥ divyam jaladanisvanam dhanuḥ gṛhya
tribhiḥ śaraiḥ bhīṣmasya dhanuḥ chittvā pātayāmāsa

52. Then Partha (Arjuna), taking up his divine bow, which resounded like thunder, cut Bhishma's bow with three arrows and made it fall.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pritha (Arjuna))

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - his (Arjuna's) bow (bow)

• गृह्य (gṛhya) - taking up (having seized, having grasped, having taken)

• दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine (divine, heavenly, celestial)

• जलदनिस्वनम् (jaladanisvanam) - which resounded like thunder (having the sound of a cloud (thunder), roaring like a cloud)

• पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - made it fall (he made fall, he struck down, he felled)

• भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - Bhishma's (of Bhishma)

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - Bhishma's bow (bow)

• छित्त्वा (chittvā) - having cut (having cut, having severed, having divided)

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pritha (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī); an epithet for Arjuna, Yudhishthira, Bhima

Derived from 'pṛthā' (Kuntī).

Note: Subject of the sentence.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - his (Arjuna's) bow (bow)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

Note: The form 'dhanuḥ' serves as both nominative and accusative singular for neuter s-stem nouns.

गृह्य (gṛhya) - taking up (having seized, having grasped, having taken)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root √grah (to seize) with suffix -ya (for compound verbs, though here without an explicit prefix).

Root: grah (class 9)

दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine (divine, heavenly, celestial)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of divya

divya - divine, heavenly, celestial

Derived from 'div' (heaven, sky).

Note: Agrees with 'dhanuḥ'.

जलदनिस्वनम् (jaladanisvanam) - which resounded like thunder (having the sound of a cloud (thunder), roaring like a cloud)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jaladanisvana

jaladanisvana - sounding like a cloud (thunder), having the roar of a cloud

Compound type : karmadharaya (jalada+nisvana)

• jalada – cloud (giver of water)
  noun (masculine)
  From 'jala' (water) + 'da' (giver, from √dā 'to give').
• nisvana – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  From root √svan 'to sound' with prefix ni-.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'dhanuḥ'.

पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - made it fall (he made fall, he struck down, he felled)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of √pat

Perfect (Lit), Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Causative formation of √pat.

Root: pat (class 1)

भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - Bhishma's (of Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - fearful, terrible; a proper name (son of Shantanu and Ganga)

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - Bhishma's bow (bow)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

Note: The form 'dhanuḥ' serves as both nominative and accusative singular for neuter s-stem nouns.

छित्त्वा (chittvā) - having cut (having cut, having severed, having divided)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root √chid (to cut) with suffix -tvā.

Root: chid (class 7)

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three

(numeral)

Note: Refers to 'śaraiḥ' (arrows).

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Root: śṛ (class 1)