महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-55, verse-39

तद्गोकुलमिवोद्भ्रान्तमुद्भ्रान्तरथयूथपम् ।
ददृशे पाण्डुपुत्रस्य सैन्यमार्तस्वरं तदा ॥३९॥

39. tadgokulamivodbhrāntamudbhrāntarathayūthapam ,
dadṛśe pāṇḍuputrasya sainyamārtasvaraṁ tadā.

39. tat gokulam iva udbhrāntam udbhrāntarathayūthapam
dadṛśe pāṇḍuputrasya sainyam ārtasvaram tadā

39. tadā pāṇḍuputrasya tat sainyam gokulam iva
udbhrāntam udbhrāntarathayūthapam ārtasvaram dadṛśe

39. Then, the army of Pandu's son (Pāṇḍuputra) was seen, bewildered like a herd of cattle, with its chariot-commanders disoriented, and crying out in distress.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that

• गोकुलम् (gokulam) - herd of cows, cattle

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• उद्भ्रान्तम् (udbhrāntam) - bewildered, agitated, confused

• उद्भ्रान्तरथयूथपम् (udbhrāntarathayūthapam) - whose chariot-commanders were disoriented

• ददृशे (dadṛśe) - was seen, appeared

• पाण्डुपुत्रस्य (pāṇḍuputrasya) - of Arjuna, one of the Pāṇḍavas (of Pandu's son, of Arjuna)

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

• आर्तस्वरम् (ārtasvaram) - with cries of distress, making distressed sounds

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

गोकुलम् (gokulam) - herd of cows, cattle

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gokula

gokula - herd of cows, cowpen, cow-stall

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

उद्भ्रान्तम् (udbhrāntam) - bewildered, agitated, confused

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of udbhrānta

udbhrānta - bewildered, agitated, confused, disoriented

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √bhram (to wander, be agitated) with prefix ud-

Prefix: ud

Root: bhram (class 1)

उद्भ्रान्तरथयूथपम् (udbhrāntarathayūthapam) - whose chariot-commanders were disoriented

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of udbhrāntarathayūthapa

udbhrāntarathayūthapa - having disoriented chariot-chiefs/commanders

Compound type : bahuvrihi (udbhrānta+ratha+yūthapa)

• udbhrānta – bewildered, agitated, disoriented
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √bhram (to wander, be agitated) with prefix ud-
  Prefix: ud
  Root: bhram (class 1)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• yūthapa – chief of a herd/group, commander
  noun (masculine)

ददृशे (dadṛśe) - was seen, appeared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle/passive, perfect (lit) of √dṛś

Perfect Middle/Passive

Perfect, 3rd person, singular, middle/passive voice of √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पाण्डुपुत्रस्य (pāṇḍuputrasya) - of Arjuna, one of the Pāṇḍavas (of Pandu's son, of Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pāṇḍuputra

pāṇḍuputra - son of Pandu

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāṇḍu+putra)

• pāṇḍu – Pandu (name of a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, forces

आर्तस्वरम् (ārtasvaram) - with cries of distress, making distressed sounds

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ārtasvara

ārtasvara - having distressed sounds, cries of pain

Compound type : bahuvrihi (ārta+svara)

• ārta – distressed, afflicted, pained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √ṛt (to go, move; to be hurt)
  Root: ṛt (class 1)
• svara – sound, tone, voice, cry
  noun (masculine)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)