महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-55, verse-114

तस्मिंस्तथा घोरतमे प्रवृत्ते शङ्खस्वना दुन्दुभिनिस्वनाश्च ।
अन्तर्हिता गाण्डिवनिस्वनेन बभूवुरुग्राश्च रणप्रणादाः ॥११४॥

114. tasmiṁstathā ghoratame pravṛtte; śaṅkhasvanā dundubhinisvanāśca ,
antarhitā gāṇḍivanisvanena; babhūvurugrāśca raṇapraṇādāḥ.

114. tasmin tathā ghoratame pravṛtte
śaṅkhasvanāḥ dundubhinisvanāḥ
ca antarhitāḥ gāṇḍīvanisvanena
babhūvuḥ ugrāḥ ca raṇapraṇādāḥ

114. tathā tasmin ghoratame pravṛtte (sati),
śaṅkhasvanāḥ,
dundubhinisvanāḥ ca,
ugrāḥ ca raṇapraṇādāḥ gāṇḍīvanisvanena antarhitāḥ babhūvuḥ

114. When that exceedingly dreadful situation had thus commenced, the sounds of conch shells, the sounds of drums, and the fierce battle cries were all suppressed by the sound of the Gandiva bow.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (situation/battle) (in that, upon that)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that way (thus, so, in that manner)

• घोरतमे (ghoratame) - most terrible (situation/battle) (most terrible, exceedingly dreadful)

• प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - having commenced (having begun, having occurred, commenced)

• शङ्खस्वनाः (śaṅkhasvanāḥ) - sounds of conch shells

• दुन्दुभिनिस्वनाः (dundubhinisvanāḥ) - sounds of drums

• च (ca) - and

• अन्तर्हिताः (antarhitāḥ) - suppressed (concealed, hidden, made to disappear, suppressed)

• गाण्डीवनिस्वनेन (gāṇḍīvanisvanena) - by the sound of the Gandiva bow

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - became (suppressed) (became, were)

• उग्राः (ugrāḥ) - fierce (battle cries) (fierce, terrible, mighty)

• च (ca) - and

• रणप्रणादाः (raṇapraṇādāḥ) - battle cries (battle cries, war cries)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (situation/battle) (in that, upon that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Forms part of a locative absolute construction, referring to an implied noun like 'raṇe' (in battle) or 'saṃgrāme' (in conflict).

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that way (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

घोरतमे (ghoratame) - most terrible (situation/battle) (most terrible, exceedingly dreadful)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of ghoratama

ghoratama - most terrible, most dreadful, exceedingly fierce

superlative degree

formed with suffix -tama

Note: Forms part of a locative absolute construction, agreeing with 'tasmin' and implying a noun like 'raṇe' (battle).

प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - having commenced (having begun, having occurred, commenced)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - commenced, begun, engaged in, occurred

Past Passive Participle

from root vṛt with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Forms part of a locative absolute construction, agreeing with 'tasmin ghoratame'.

शङ्खस्वनाः (śaṅkhasvanāḥ) - sounds of conch shells

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śaṅkhasvana

śaṅkhasvana - sound of a conch shell

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śaṅkha+svana)

• śaṅkha – conch shell, a specific number
  noun (masculine)
• svana – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  from root svan 'to sound'
  Root: svan (class 1)

दुन्दुभिनिस्वनाः (dundubhinisvanāḥ) - sounds of drums

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dundubhinisvana

dundubhinisvana - sound of a drum

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dundubhi+nisvana)

• dundubhi – drum, war-drum
  noun (masculine)
• nisvana – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  from root svan 'to sound' with prefix ni
  Prefix: ni
  Root: svan (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अन्तर्हिताः (antarhitāḥ) - suppressed (concealed, hidden, made to disappear, suppressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of antarhita

antarhita - hidden, concealed, disappeared, suppressed

Past Passive Participle

from root dhā 'to place' with prefix antar 'within, among'

Prefix: antar

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with śaṅkhasvanāḥ, dundubhinisvanāḥ, and raṇapraṇādāḥ.

गाण्डीवनिस्वनेन (gāṇḍīvanisvanena) - by the sound of the Gandiva bow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of gāṇḍīvanisvana

gāṇḍīvanisvana - sound of the Gandiva (bow)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gāṇḍīva+nisvana)

• gāṇḍīva – Arjuna's bow
  proper noun (neuter)
• nisvana – sound, noise
  noun (masculine)
  from root svan 'to sound' with prefix ni
  Prefix: ni
  Root: svan (class 1)

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - became (suppressed) (became, were)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Perfect (lit) of bhū

Perfect

third person plural, Parasmaipada

Root: bhū (class 1)

उग्राः (ugrāḥ) - fierce (battle cries) (fierce, terrible, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ugra

ugra - fierce, terrible, mighty, severe

Note: Agrees with raṇapraṇādāḥ.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

रणप्रणादाः (raṇapraṇādāḥ) - battle cries (battle cries, war cries)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of raṇapraṇāda

raṇapraṇāda - battle cry, war cry, din of battle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+praṇāda)

• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)
• praṇāda – loud sound, roar, cry
  noun (masculine)
  from root nad 'to sound' with prefix pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: nad (class 1)