महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-55, verse-49

ततो भीष्मः कुरुश्रेष्ठः सिंहवद्विनदन्मुहुः ।
धनंजयरथं तूर्णं शरवर्षैरवाकिरत् ॥४९॥

49. tato bhīṣmaḥ kuruśreṣṭhaḥ siṁhavadvinadanmuhuḥ ,
dhanaṁjayarathaṁ tūrṇaṁ śaravarṣairavākirat.

49. tataḥ bhīṣmaḥ kuruśreṣṭhaḥ siṃhavat vinadan muhuḥ
dhanaṃjayaratham tūrṇam śaravarṣaiḥ avākirat

49. tataḥ kuruśreṣṭhaḥ bhīṣmaḥ siṃhavat muhuḥ vinadan
tūrṇam dhanaṃjayaratham śaravarṣaiḥ avākirat

49. Then Bhishma, the foremost among the Kurus, roaring repeatedly like a lion, swiftly assailed Arjuna's chariot with volleys of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (the commander of the Kuru army) (Bhishma)

• कुरुश्रेष्ठः (kuruśreṣṭhaḥ) - Bhishma, as the best/foremost of the Kurus (best of the Kurus, foremost among the Kurus)

• सिंहवत् (siṁhavat) - like a lion

• विनदन् (vinadan) - roaring (roaring, shouting, making noise)

• मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly (repeatedly, again and again, frequently)

• धनंजयरथम् (dhanaṁjayaratham) - Arjuna's chariot (chariot of Dhananjaya (Arjuna))

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

• शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - with volleys of arrows (with showers of arrows)

• अवाकिरत् (avākirat) - assailed (by showering arrows) (showered, scattered, covered)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (the commander of the Kuru army) (Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - fearful, terrible; a proper name (son of Shantanu and Ganga)

कुरुश्रेष्ठः (kuruśreṣṭhaḥ) - Bhishma, as the best/foremost of the Kurus (best of the Kurus, foremost among the Kurus)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuruśreṣṭha

kuruśreṣṭha - best of the Kurus

Compound type : tatpurusha (kuru+śreṣṭha)

• kuru – a Kuru (member of the Kuru dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree from praśasta (excellent)

Note: Used here as an epithet for Bhishma.

सिंहवत् (siṁhavat) - like a lion

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'siṃha' (lion) with the 'vat' suffix indicating similarity.

Note: Null for gender/number/case as it's an adverbial indeclinable.

विनदन् (vinadan) - roaring (roaring, shouting, making noise)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vinadant

vinadant - roaring, shouting, making noise

Present Active Participle

Derived from verb root √nad (to roar, shout) with prefix vi-, present participle suffix -at.

Prefix: vi

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Bhishma.

मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly (repeatedly, again and again, frequently)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'vinadan'.

धनंजयरथम् (dhanaṁjayaratham) - Arjuna's chariot (chariot of Dhananjaya (Arjuna))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjayaratha

dhanaṁjayaratha - chariot of Dhananjaya (Arjuna)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhanaṃjaya+ratha)

• dhanaṃjaya – conqueror of wealth; an epithet of Arjuna
  proper noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of the verb 'avākirat'.

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √tvar (to hurry)

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Adverb modifying 'avākirat'.

शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - with volleys of arrows (with showers of arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows, volley of arrows

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower, fall
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means by which the action is performed.

अवाकिरत् (avākirat) - assailed (by showering arrows) (showered, scattered, covered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √kṛ

Imperfect, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

From root √kṛ (or √kīr) with prefix ava-.

Prefix: ava

Root: kṛ (class 6)

Note: The verb 'to scatter, pour, cover'.