महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-55, verse-41

अयं स कालः संप्राप्तः पार्थ यः काङ्क्षितस्त्वया ।
प्रहरास्मै नरव्याघ्र न चेन्मोहाद्विमुह्यसे ॥४१॥

41. ayaṁ sa kālaḥ saṁprāptaḥ pārtha yaḥ kāṅkṣitastvayā ,
praharāsmai naravyāghra na cenmohādvimuhyase.

41. ayam sa kālaḥ saṃprāptaḥ pārtha yaḥ kāṅkṣitaḥ tvayā
prahara asmai naravyāghra na cet mohāt vimuhyase

41. pārtha naravyāghra,
tvayā yaḥ kālaḥ kāṅkṣitaḥ,
ayam saḥ saṃprāptaḥ.
mohāt na cet vimuhyase,
asmai prahara.

41. O Partha, this is that moment which you desired, and it has arrived. O tiger among men, strike him, unless you are bewildered by delusion (moha).

Words meanings summery:

• अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

• स (sa) - that, he

• कालः (kālaḥ) - time, moment

• संप्राप्तः (saṁprāptaḥ) - arrived, obtained, reached

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O Arjuna (O son of Pṛthā, O Arjuna)

• यः (yaḥ) - which, who

• काङ्क्षितः (kāṅkṣitaḥ) - desired, wished

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• प्रहर (prahara) - strike, attack

• अस्मै (asmai) - strike him (to him, to this)

• नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O tiger among men, O best of men

• न (na) - not

• चेत् (cet) - if

• मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion (moha), due to infatuation

• विमुह्यसे (vimuhyase) - you are bewildered, you become deluded

Words meanings and morphology

अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

स (sa) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कालः (kālaḥ) - time, moment

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, moment, period

संप्राप्तः (saṁprāptaḥ) - arrived, obtained, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃprāpta

saṁprāpta - arrived, attained, reached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √āp (to obtain) with prefixes sam- and pra-

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

पार्थ (pārtha) - O Arjuna (O son of Pṛthā, O Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā; Arjuna

A patronymic from Pṛthā

यः (yaḥ) - which, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

काङ्क्षितः (kāṅkṣitaḥ) - desired, wished

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāṅkṣita

kāṅkṣita - desired, wished, longed for

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √kāṅkṣ (to desire)

Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

प्रहर (prahara) - strike, attack

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of pra-hṛ

Imperative Mood, Active Voice

2nd person singular imperative of root √hṛ with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)

अस्मै (asmai) - strike him (to him, to this)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Used with verbs of 'striking at' or 'directing action towards'.

नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O tiger among men, O best of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - tiger among men, best of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to introduce a conditional clause.

मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion (moha), due to infatuation

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of moha

moha - delusion, infatuation, confusion

Derived from root √muh (to be bewildered)

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: The ablative expresses cause or origin ('due to').

विमुह्यसे (vimuhyase) - you are bewildered, you become deluded

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of vi-muh

Present Tense, Middle Voice

2nd person singular present tense, middle voice, of root √muh (to be bewildered) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Middle voice is appropriate for internal states.