महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-40, verse-92

तं दृष्ट्वा युधि विक्रान्तं सेनायां तव भारत ।
संशप्तकगणान्भूयः पुत्रस्ते समचोदयत् ॥९२॥

92. taṁ dṛṣṭvā yudhi vikrāntaṁ senāyāṁ tava bhārata ,
saṁśaptakagaṇānbhūyaḥ putraste samacodayat.

92. tam dṛṣṭvā yudhi vikrāntam senāyām tava bhārata
saṃśaptakagaṇān bhūyas putraḥ te samacodayat

92. भारत,
युधि तव सेनायाम् विक्रान्तम् तम् दृष्ट्वा,
ते पुत्रः भूयस् संशप्तकगणान् समचोदयत्

92. O Bhārata, having seen him displaying valor in your army during battle, your son (Duryodhana) once again incited the battalions of the Saṃśaptakas.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Arjuna (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

• विक्रान्तम् (vikrāntam) - displaying valor (valiant, powerful, courageous, one who has stepped forth)

• सेनायाम् (senāyām) - in the army

• तव (tava) - referring to Dhritarashtra (your, of you)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhritarashtra (the speaker's interlocutor) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

• संशप्तकगणान् (saṁśaptakagaṇān) - the battalions of the Saṃśaptakas, referring to a specific group of warriors in the Mahabharata who took an oath to kill Arjuna or die trying. (the groups of Saṃśaptakas (warriors who swore to fight to the death))

• भूयस् (bhūyas) - again, further, moreover

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - your son, Duryodhana (son)

• ते (te) - your (Dhritarashtra's) (your, of you)

• समचोदयत् (samacodayat) - he urged on, he incited, he directed

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Arjuna (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, him

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root dṛś (class 1) with suffix ktvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Specifies the location of the valor.

विक्रान्तम् (vikrāntam) - displaying valor (valiant, powerful, courageous, one who has stepped forth)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vikrānta

vikrānta - valiant, courageous, powerful; also 'stepped forth' (PPP)

Past Passive Participle

From root kram (class 1, 4) "to step", with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with tam.

सेनायाम् (senāyām) - in the army

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, troop

Note: Specifies the context of vikrāntam.

तव (tava) - referring to Dhritarashtra (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Refers to Dhritarashtra.

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhritarashtra (the speaker's interlocutor) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a warrior (often refers to Dhritarashtra in Mahabharata)

Derived from bharata.

संशप्तकगणान् (saṁśaptakagaṇān) - the battalions of the Saṃśaptakas, referring to a specific group of warriors in the Mahabharata who took an oath to kill Arjuna or die trying. (the groups of Saṃśaptakas (warriors who swore to fight to the death))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saṃśaptakagaṇa

saṁśaptakagaṇa - group of Saṃśaptakas, battalion of sworn warriors

Compound type : tatpurusha (saṃśaptaka+gaṇa)

• saṃśaptaka – one who has sworn a mutual oath (to fight to the death)
  noun (masculine)
  From śap (to swear) with prefix sam- and suffix kta then ka.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śap (class 1)
• gaṇa – group, multitude, troop
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of samacodayat.

भूयस् (bhūyas) - again, further, moreover

(indeclinable)

Comparative form of bahu (much) used adverbially.

Note: Modifies samacodayat.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - your son, Duryodhana (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

ते (te) - your (Dhritarashtra's) (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Dative/Genitive singular enclitic form of yuṣmad.

Note: Possessive pronoun for putraḥ.

समचोदयत् (samacodayat) - he urged on, he incited, he directed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of cud

Imperfect tense, 3rd singular, active voice (causative)

From root cud (class 1), in its causative form (codaya-), with prefix sam-. a-sam-codaya-t.

Prefix: sam

Root: cud (class 1)