महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-40, verse-72

सहस्रशश्च रथिनः पतिताः पतितायुधाः ।
अक्षताः समदृश्यन्त भीमाद्भीता गतासवः ॥७२॥

72. sahasraśaśca rathinaḥ patitāḥ patitāyudhāḥ ,
akṣatāḥ samadṛśyanta bhīmādbhītā gatāsavaḥ.

72. sahasraśaḥ ca rathinaḥ patitāḥ patitāyudhāḥ
akṣatāḥ samadṛśyanta bhīmāt bhītāḥ gatāsavaḥ

72. sahasraśaḥ ca bhīmāt bhītāḥ patitāḥ patitāyudhāḥ
akṣatāḥ gatāsavaḥ rathinaḥ samadṛśyanta

72. And thousands of charioteers, though seemingly unharmed and with their weapons fallen, were seen lying dead, terrified by (Bhīma) Bhīmasena.

Words meanings summery:

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

• च (ca) - and, also

• रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers, warriors in chariots

• पतिताः (patitāḥ) - fallen, dropped, descended

• पतितायुधाः (patitāyudhāḥ) - whose weapons are fallen, having dropped their weapons

• अक्षताः (akṣatāḥ) - seemingly unharmed, despite being dead (uninjured, unharmed, sound)

• समदृश्यन्त (samadṛśyanta) - they were seen

• भीमात् (bhīmāt) - from Bhīma

• भीताः (bhītāḥ) - frightened, terrified, afraid

• गतासवः (gatāsavaḥ) - whose life is gone, dead

Words meanings and morphology

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

(indeclinable)

suffix -śaḥ indicating distribution or manner

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers, warriors in chariots

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, possessing a chariot

पतिताः (patitāḥ) - fallen, dropped, descended

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of patita

patita - fallen, dropped, descended, degraded

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle from root pat (1P)

Root: pat (class 1)

पतितायुधाः (patitāyudhāḥ) - whose weapons are fallen, having dropped their weapons

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of patitāyudha

patitāyudha - whose weapons are fallen

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (patita+āyudha)

• patita – fallen, dropped, descended
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle from root pat (1P)
  Root: pat (class 1)
• āyudha – weapon, arm, implement
  noun (neuter)

अक्षताः (akṣatāḥ) - seemingly unharmed, despite being dead (uninjured, unharmed, sound)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of akṣata

akṣata - uninjured, unharmed, entire, sound

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣata)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• kṣata – injured, wounded, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle from root kṣaṇ (1P)
  Root: kṣaṇ (class 1)

समदृश्यन्त (samadṛśyanta) - they were seen

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of samdṛś

passive stem

Imperfect 3rd plural passive from root dṛś (1P) with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भीमात् (bhīmāt) - from Bhīma

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - terrible, formidable; a proper name (Bhīma)

भीताः (bhītāḥ) - frightened, terrified, afraid

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhīta

bhīta - frightened, terrified, afraid

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle from root bhī (3P)

Root: bhī (class 3)

गतासवः (gatāsavaḥ) - whose life is gone, dead

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gatāsu

gatāsu - whose life is gone, dead, breathless

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+asu)

• gata – gone, departed, obtained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle from root gam (1P)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• asu – breath, life, vital spirit
  noun (masculine)